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A LEVEL PSYCHOLOGY MEMORY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS AQA.
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A LEVEL PSYCHOLOGY MEMORYQUESTIONS AND ANSWERS AQA
Study dof dcapacity dof dSTM d- d✔✔Miller d(Immediate dDigit dSpan dTest)
Jacobs dSupport
Study dof dduration dof dSTM d- d✔✔Peterson dand dPeterson d(Trigrams)
24 dstudents dgiven da dconsonant dsyllable dand da dthree ddigit dnumber die. dTHX d512.
They dwere dasked dto drecall dthe dconsonant dsyllable dafter da dretention dinterval dof d3,
d6 d, d9, d12 dor d15 dseconds. dDuring dthis dinterval dthey dhad dto dcount dbackwards dfrom
dtheir dthree ddigit dnumber. dParticipants dwere d90% dcorrect dafter d3 dseconds, d20%
dcorrect dafter d9 dand donly d2% dcorrect dafter d18 dseconds. d
Suggesting dit dis dless dthan d18 dseconds.
Study dof dduration dof dLTM d- d✔✔Bahrick d(Free drecall, dphoto drecognition dand dname
drecognition dtests)
400 dpeople dof dvarious dages dwere dtested don dtheir dmemory dof dhigh dschool
dclassmates.
They dwere dgiven da dfree drecall dto drecall das dmany dclass dmates das dthey dcould.
dThen dthey dwere dgiven d50 dphotos, dsome dwith dpeople dfrom dtheir dschool dyear
dbook. dBahrick dfound dthat drecall dafter d15 dyears dof dgraduation dwas d90% daccurate
dfrom dphotos, dand dafter d48 dyears dwas d70%. dWith dfree drecall dit dwas dabout d60%
daccurate dand d30%.
Showing dthat dit dis dpossibly dan dunlimited dduration dfor dLTM.
Study dof dencoding d- d✔✔Baddeley d(Semantically dand dAcoustically dSimilar/Dissimilar
dwords)
Baddeley dhad dlists dof dacoustically dsimilar dwords dsuch das: dCat, dcab, dcan, dmap,
dmat, dmax detc.
And dalso dsemantically dsimilar dwords: dHuge, dbig, dlarge, dtitanic, dmassive detc.
He dfound dthat dparticipants dhad ddifficulty dremembering dacoustically dsimilar dwords din
dthe dSTM dand din dthe dLTM dstruggled dwith dsemantically dsimilar dwords.
He dconcluded dthat dSTM dis dlargely dencoded dacoustically dwhereas dLTM dis dencoded
dsemantically.
Capacity dof dSTM d- d✔✔7+_ d2 dunits
Capacity dof dLTM d- d✔✔Potentially dunlimited
Duration dof dSTM d- d✔✔30 dseconds
, Duration dof dLTM d- d✔✔potentially dunlimited
Encoding din dSTM d- d✔✔Mainly dacoustically
Encoding din dLTM d- d✔✔Mainly dsemantically
MSM dof dmemory d- d✔✔Sensory dMemory-> dAttention->STM->(Maintenance
drehearsal dor) delaborative drehearsal->LTM->(Retrieval, dInterference, dDecay dRetrieval
dfailure, ddisplacement dfor dSTM)
What ddoes dthe dMSM dmodel dsuggest d- d✔✔It dattempts dto dexplain dhow dmemory
dworks
Memory dConsists dof dmultiple dstores
There dis da dsequence dbetween dthese dstores
Evidence dto dsupport dthe dMSM d- d✔✔Glanzer dand dCunnitz d(primacy dand drecency
deffect)
HM d(LTM dgone)
Beardsley d(Prefrontal dcortex dfor dSTM dand dHippocampus dfor dLtm)
(Bahrick dPeterson dand dPeterson, dmiller, dbaddeley)
Evaluate dthe dMSM d- d✔✔Too dsimple d(but deasier dto dunderstand)
Supporting dEvidence
What ddoes dthe dWMM dsuggest d- d✔✔STM dis dmade dup dof dmultiple dstores dand dthe
dMSM dis dtoo dsimple
What ddoes dthe dCentral dExecutive ddo d- d✔✔directs dattention dto dparticular dtasks
dand dcontrols dthe d2 dslave dsystems d(phonological dloop, dvisuo-spatial dsketchpad)
What ddoes dthe dphonological dloop ddo d- d✔✔processes dand dretains dthe dorder dof
dheard dinformation d
can dbe ddivided dinto d2 dsubstores
What dcan dthe dphonological dloop dbe ddivided dinto d- d✔✔phonological dstore d(stores
dheard dinformation, dinner dear)
articulatory dprocess d(subvocal drepetition, dinner dvoice)
What ddoes dthe dvisuo-spatial dsketchpad ddo d- d✔✔plans dspatial dtasks dand dstores
dvisual dor dspatial dinformation
What dcan dthe dvisuo-spatial dsketchpad dbe ddivided dinto d- d✔✔Visual dcache d(visual
dinformation)
Inner dscribe d(processes dspatial drelations)
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