HESI MED SURG 1 FINAL TEST BANK EXAM 2024-2025 350 QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS /100% PASS SOLUTION / ALREADY
GRADED A+
The nurse performs a physical assessment on a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Findings
include a fasting blood glucose level of 120 mg/dL (6.8 mmol/L), temperature of 101°F (38.3°C),
pulse of 102 beats/minute, respirations of 22 breaths/minute, and blood pressure of 142/72
mm Hg. Which finding would be the priority concern to the nurse?
a. Blood Pressure
b. Pulse
c. Respiration
d. Temperature - ANSWER--d. Temperature
A nurse cares for a patient who possibly has syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
(SIADH). The patient's serum sodium level is 114 mEq/L (114 mmol/L). What action would the
nurse take first?
Select one:
a. Restrict the patient's fluid intake to 600 mL/day.
b. Handle the patient gently by using turn sheets for repositioning.
c. Consult with the dietitian about increased dietary sodium
d. Instruct unlicensed assistive personnel to measure intake and output. - ANSWER--a.
Restrict the patient's fluid intake to 600 mL/day.
The nurse is performing a health screening on a 54-year-old client. The client has a blood
pressure of 118/78 mm Hg, total cholesterol level of 190 mg/dL (4.9 mmol/L), and fasting blood
glucose level of 184 mg/dL (10.2 mmol/L). The nurse interprets this to mean that the client has
which modifiable risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD)?
a. Glucose Intolerance
b. Hyperlipidemia
c. Hypertension
,d. Age - ANSWER--a. Glucose Intolerance
A client who has had a myocardial infarction asks the nurse why she should not bear down or
strain to ensure having a bowel movement. The nurse provides education to the client based on
which physiological concept?
a. Sympathetic nerve stimulation causes a decrease in heart rate and cardiac contractility.
b. Vagus nerve stimulation causes an increase in heart rate and cardiac contractility.
c. Sympathetic nerve stimulation causes an increase in heart rate and cardiac contractility.
d. Vagus nerve stimulation causes a decrease in heart rate and cardiac contractility.
- ANSWER--d. Vagus nerve stimulation causes a decrease in heart rate and cardiac
contractility.
The registered nurse (RN) is educating a new RN about the use of oxygen for clients with angina
pectoris. Which statement by the new nurse indicates that the teaching has been effective?
a. "The pain of angina pectoris occurs because of a decreased oxygen supply to heart
cells."
b. "Oxygen will prevent the development of any thrombus."
c. "Oxygen has a calming effect."
d. "Oxygen dilates the blood vessels so that they can supply more nutrients to the heart
muscle." - ANSWER--a. "The pain of angina pectoris occurs because of a decreased oxygen
supply to heart cells."
The nurse must be alert for signs of respiratory acidosis in the client with emphysema, because
this individual has a long-term problem with oxygen maintenance and:
,Select one:
a. There is a loss of carbon dioxide from the body's buffer pool
b. Localized tissue necrosis occurs as a result of poor oxygen supply
c. Hyperventilation occurs, even if the cause is not physiologic
d. An inability to fully exhale retained CO2 - ANSWER--d. An inability to fully exhale
retained CO2
The nurse is providing preoperative teaching with the client about the use of an incentive
spirometer in the postoperative period. Which instructions should the nurse NOT include?
Select one:
a. Place the mouthpiece in your mouth and seal your lips tightly around it.
b. After maximum inspiration, hold the breath for 2 to 3 seconds and exhale.
c. Inhale as deeply and quickly as possible.
d. Sit upright in the bed or in a chair. - ANSWER--c. Inhale as deeply and quickly as possible.
An arterial blood gas report indicates the client's pH is 7.30, PCO2 is 55 mm Hg and HCO3 is 20
mEq/L. These results are consistent with:
Select one:
a. metabolic acidosis
b. respiratory alkalosis
c. metabolic alkalosis
d. respiratory acidosis - ANSWER--d. respiratory acidosis
, You are providing discharge teaching to a patient with newly diagnosed asthma. What would be
the priority goal to established as part of the teaching plan prior to being discharged from the
hospital? The patient will:
Select one:
a. Is able to obtain pulse oximeter readings
b. Knows the primary care provider's office hours
c. Has identified a pharmacy for prescription medications
d. Demonstrates correct use of prescribed inhalers - ANSWER--d. Demonstrates correct
use of prescribed inhalers
A patient with the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) becomes
increasingly short of breath. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate?
Select one:
a. Administer O2 using a Venturi mask at 24%
b. Use nasal cannula to administer high flow oxygen
c. Do not administer O2 due to history of COPD
d. Begin oxygen therapy using a simple face mask at 8L - ANSWER--a. Administer O2 using
a Venturi mask at 24%
The nurse assesses a patient who reports waking up feeling very tired, even after 9 hours of
undisturbed sleep. What action would the nurse take first?
Select one:
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