Pathophysiology NUR 521 Exam 3
Which component of the epidermis initiates immune responses and provides a defense against
environmental antigens? Langerhans cells
Which cells of the dermis release histamine and play a role in the hypersensitivity reactions of the skin?
Mast cells
Which ce...
Which component of the epidermis initiates immune responses and provides a defense against
environmental antigens? ✅Langerhans cells
Which cells of the dermis release histamine and play a role in the hypersensitivity reactions of the skin?
✅Mast cells
Which cells of the dermis secrete connective tissue matrix? ✅Fibroblasts
Which gland releases secretions that are important in thermoregulation and cooling of the body through
evaporation? ✅Eccrine
Which receptors of the sympathetic nervous system regulate heat loss through the skin? ✅α-Adrenergic
Which type of dressings should the healthcare professional apply to pressure ulcers? ✅Flat, moisture-
retaining
Keloids are caused by excessive amounts of which substance in the corneum during connective tissue
repair? ✅Collagen
In allergic contact dermatitis, which cells possess the antigens and present them to T cells? ✅Langerhan
cells
In latex allergies, which immunoglobulin (Ig) is associated with an immediate reaction? ✅IgE
A healthcare professional assesses a patient who presents with a single lesion on the trunk that is
circular, demarcated, and salmon pink. The lesion measures approximately 3 to 4 cm in diameter. What
treatment option does the professional educate the patient about? ✅Oral erythromycin regime
,Cutaneous vasculitis develops from the deposit of which substance? ✅Immune complexes
The student learns that which skin lesion is mediated by the immunoglobulin E (IgE)-stimulated release
of histamine, bradykinin, or kallikrein from mast cells? ✅Uticaria
A patient with scleroderma asks the healthcare professional how this condition was acquired. What
response is best? ✅Auto antibodies
A healthcare professional assesses a patient who has elevated lesions on the face that are waxy and
yellowish. What condition does the professional discuss with the patient? ✅Seborrheic keratosis
Lesions that usually have depressed centers with rolled borders and are frequently located on the face
and neck characterize which malignancy? ✅Basal cell carcinoma
The student learns that alteration of which gene is associated with basal cell carcinoma? ✅TP53
Bowen disease is a form of which type of cancer? ✅Squamous cell carcinoma
A patient has an intradermal nevus. What assessment does the healthcare professional know is
consistent with this lesion? ✅Regular edges with bristle-like hairs
Which cell is thought to be the progenitor cell of Kaposi sarcoma? ✅Endothelial
A patient is brought to the Emergency Department with cold, white, waxy fingers and toes. The patient
denies pain. Which intervention does the healthcare professional provide as the priority? ✅Immersing
in warm water
A patient was hospitalized with frostbite and is receiving ibuprofen. The patient asks the healthcare
professional to explain the rationale for the drug. What is the best response? ✅Inhibiting
prostaglandins
, A patient has an onychomycosis. Where would the healthcare professional assess this disorder?
✅Fingernail
A patient has a furuncle. Where would the healthcare professional assess the patient for this condition?
✅Hair follicles
What effects does normal aging have on the wound healing process? ✅Decreased cell proliferation
Decreased blood supply
Depressed immune responses
Which information does the student learn about a nevus? ✅A nevus is an aggregation of melanocytes.
Nevi begin to form at the ages of 3 to 5 years.
Nevi share a relationship with melanoma.
What information does the student learn about Kaposi sarcoma? ✅Kaposi sarcoma is a vascular
malignancy.
It is associated with drug-induced immunosuppression.
Kaposi sarcoma is associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
A patient has psoriasis. Which drug classifications does the healthcare professional advise the patient to
avoid if possible? ✅Beta Blockers
Which inflammatory mediators are active in frostbite? ✅Histamine
Prostaglandins
Bradykinin
A woman has developed hirsutism. What conditions should the healthcare professional assess her for?
(Select all that apply.) ✅Adrenal hyperplasia
Polycystic ovaries
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