NURS 460 Exam Guaranteed Success
What would you teach your clients to avoid and/or prevent cancer and cancer related deaths?
Avoid/prevention: avoid smoking and coming in contact with secondhand smoke, avoid fatty and highly
processed foods and read meats, minimize exposure to carcinogens (sm...
What would you teach your clients to avoid and/or prevent cancer and cancer related deaths?
Avoid/prevention: avoid smoking and coming in contact with secondhand smoke, avoid fatty and highly
processed foods and read meats, minimize exposure to carcinogens (smog, too much sun exposure,
chemicals), limit alcohol
Need to: Exercise 30 minutes at least 5 times a week, increase intake of anticancer foods (leafy green
vegetables, cauliflower, turmeric, etc),
- attend regular check-ups and participate in screenings and checkups
- get cancer preventative vaccines, prophylactic surgery and medications if you know you are at risk for
developing, maintain a healthy weight, be familiar with family risks
- Alopecia
- Stomatitis
- Xerostomia
- Change in taste
- N/V/D, skin irritation,
- Thrombocytopenia, anemia, leukopenia (symptoms depend on location of treatment)
Radiation/Chemotherapy (treatment)
Give med to combat symptoms (antihistamines, antiemetics, steroids, pain medication, erythropoietin)
- save sperm or eggs
- good oral hygiene
- eat balanced diet
, Radiation/Chemotherapy (diet)
- Avoid alcohol and tobacco
- Room temperature/noncarbonated drinks are best
- Avoid acidic foods, rough and crunchy foods
- Have a high protein diet with small and frequent meals
Bone marrow suppression (myelosuppression—is a decrease in RBC, WBC, Platelet production) SIGNS
and SYMPTOMS
Decreased production of all blood cells- WBCS, RBS, platelets.
- Leads to weakened immune system
- Increased infections
- Anemia
- Bleeding risks,
- Patient will be more susceptible to infections, bruise easily, be fatigued, etc.
Bone Marrow Suppression (myelosuppression) (PATIENT TEACHINGS)
- Neutropenic patients need to be very diligent about avoiding germs- no raw produce, no fresh flowers
or gardening, limit interactions with others, extra hand washing. - Patients with decrease in
platelets need to be very careful to avoid injury and things that can cause bleeding (soft tooth brush,
electric razor, no aspirin).
Diagnostic Tests to Detect Cancer
Common tests to detect cancer include:
- biopsy
- bone marrow aspiration
- CT/CAT
- lumbar puncture
- MRI
- PET/SPECT
- x-ray
- ultrasound.
PET scan
Identify abnormal cellular activity and can accurately stage cancer
- Highly sensitive but not specific
Biopsy
Obtains tissue sample for analysis of cells suspected to be malignant
- Gives a definitive diagnosis.
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