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CCI ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY PRACTICE EXAM Questions and Answers Latest Updates 2024 GRADE A+
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CCI ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY PRACTICE EXAM Questions and Answers Latest Updates 2024 GRADE A+
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CCI ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY PRACTICEEXAM Questions and Answers Latest
Updates 2024 GRADE A+
Which Aortic leaflet is the superior one in the PSLA - ANSWER Right Leaflet Name the tricuspid
leaflets - ANSWER Posterior and Anterior
The coronary arteries come off of the.. - ANSWER Sinus of Valsalva
Name the vessels coming off the arch and the most proximal or distal. - ANSWER Innominate
(proximal), left carotid, and the left subclavian (distal)
What cardiac pathology is associated with bicuspid aortic valves? - ANSWER Coarctation of the
Aorta
Where do the most aortic Coarctation occur? - ANSWER After the take-off of the left subclavian
artery, or within the aortic isthmus
Where are the pulmonary veins loca? Which ones are seen in this view? - ANSWER Rights and left
superior (upper) pulmonary veins
Where is the coronary sinus located? - ANSWER Posterior AV groove
To visualize the coronary sinus in the apical 4 chamber view you should tilt the transducer.. -
ANSWER Posterior
During which phase do the coronaries fill? - ANSWER early diastole Where is the chiari
network located? - ANSWER RA
What portion of the pulmonary venous PW Doppler represents atrial systole? - ANSWER A wave
Know frequency for TEE probes versus TTE - ANSWER TTE probes are usually higher 5-7MGz,
while TTE probes are 2-7MHz
At what temperature is it unsafe to use a TEE probe? - ANSWER 40-45C
Know TEE views by esophageal level (know mid esophageal- ME and transgastric) and degrees. -
ANSWER 4ch- 0 degrees
2ch- 90 degrees
LAX- 120 degrees
Why is the SA node the primary pacemaker? - ANSWER The SA node has the highest intrinsic
rate of any cardiac tissue.
The save of contraction (depolarization) moves from the endocardium to the epicardium. -
ANSWER Inside to outside. Look at the purkinje fibers above.
What is the absolute refractory state? - ANSWER That period when a muscle cell is not excitable-
from phase 1 into phase 3; the 'relative refractory period' is during phase 3 and the muscle cell might
contract if the stimulus is strong.
Know what P wave, P-R interval, T wave represents - ANSWER P wave- atrial systole
P-R interval- includes P-R segment (from atrial to ventricular depolarization) QRS complex-
ventricular diastole (repolarization)
What is the normal duration for the QRS complex? - ANSWER 0.10 sec Frank-Sterling Law -
ANSWER Increased volume= increased contractility RUBBER BAND THEORY
Acute AI is hypercontractile because we shift up the Starling curve - ANSWER Chronic AI is failure
when we drop off the end
Does a PDA (patent ductus arteriosus) increase LV preload? - ANSWER yes (when shunt L-R)
Echo finding for preload vs. afterload... - ANSWER Preload= dilatation Afterload= hypertrophy
Which study does not allows for the calculations of ejection fraction? - ANSWER CXR
Does venous return increase or decrease with inspiration? - ANSWER Increase
Mitral valve velocity during inspiration increases or decreases? - ANSWER Increases
Hepatic venous flow reveral indicates TR. - ANSWER Severe Given a TR velocity of 4.0m/sec
, what is the RVSP? - ANSWER 70mmHg
A patient has a RVSP of 60mmHg. One year later the RVSP is 30mmHg. What happened to the pt? -
ANSWER Coanda effect?
Coanda Effect- Define. - ANSWER Wall hugging effect
Pulmonary venous systolic flow reversal is.. - ANSWER Severe MR
Which of the following is used in echo to measure dP/dt? - ANSWER Mitral regurgitation
dP/dt measurement of mitral regurgitation assesses what? - ANSWER LV systolic dysfunction
is the rate of rise of LV pressure? - ANSWER dP/dt LAP= - ANSWER systolic BP- MR
gradient
Know pressure waveforms for MR (late systolic jump in LA pressure) pg. 97 - ANSWER ...
Know about Marfan's syndrome.. define - ANSWER Congenital connective tissue disease causing
aortic dilatation of MVP
In Marfan syndrome, why does aortic dissection and MVP occue? - ANSWER Connective tissue
disorder
Know Ehlers-Danlos. Another connecative tissue disorder - ANSWER like Marfan's pts, you
look for MVP dilated Ao dissection
Severe Ao aneurysms are greater than: - ANSWER 5.0cm
Know libman-sachs= - ANSWER Lupus and Marantic endocarditis St. Jude is a valve -
ANSWER Bi-leaflet
Autografts - ANSWER means using pts own tissue Pannus - ANSWER host tissue overgrowth
What are all the cardiomyopathies? - ANSWER Dilated, hypertrophic, restrictive, ischemic
Which cardiomyopathy is autosomal dominant? - ANSWER Hypertrophic
Apical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (AHCM) - ANSWER Normal etiology (genetic)
Typical spectral Doppler finding (flow acceleration in mid LV) Ratio for assessing asymmetric
hypertrophy. - ANSWER 1.3:1
LVOT obstruction cuases the aortic valve to... - ANSWER close in mid systole
Pts with a history of IV drug abuse may present with... - ANSWER Tricuspid endocarditis
The Venturi Effect can be associated with which cardiomyopathy? - ANSWER Hypertrophic
Dos Inderal (beta blocker) increase SAM? - ANSWER No, decreases HR reduces SAM with
excercise
Chaga's disease (Dilated CM)? - ANSWER posterior and apical thinning septum usually normal
Know the echo signs of congestive cardiomyopathies: - ANSWER -Multi chamber enlargement
-Globally impaired LV contractility
-B-Notch on MV M-Mode (increased LVEDP)
-Thrombus may be present
What type of CM might you see in a pt with AIDS? - ANSWER Dilated CM
Know post-transplant 2-D appearance.. - ANSWER Double atria
Amyloid and sarcoid are what type of cardiac abnormalities? - ANSWER Restrictive
Hemochromatosis is... - ANSWER excess iron
"Ground glass" appearance is related to... (pg. 123) - ANSWER infiltrative
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