,Porth’s Pathophysiology 10th Edition Norris Test Bank
1. At an international nursing conference, many discussions and breakout sessions focused
on the World Health Organization (WHO) views on health. Of the following comments
made by nurses during a discussion session, which statements would be considered a
good representation of the WHO definition? Select all that apply.
A) Interests in keeping the elderly population engaged in such activities as book
reviews and word games during social time
B) Increase in the number of chair aerobics classes provided in the skilled care
facilities
C) Interventions geared toward keeping the elderly population diagnosed with
diabetes mellitus under tight blood glucose control by providing in-home cooking
classes
D) Providing transportation for renal dialysis patients to and from their hemodialysis
sessions
E) Providing handwashing teaching sessions to a group of young children
Ans: A, B, C, E
Feedback:
The WHO definition of health is defined as ―a state of complete physical, mental, and
social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity.‖ Engaging in
book reviews facilitates mental and social well-being; chair aerobics helps facilitate
physical well-being; and assisting with tight control of diabetes helps with facilitating
physical well-being even though the person has a chronic disease. Handwashing is vital
in the prevention of disease and spread of germs.
2. A community health nurse is teaching a group of recent graduates about the large
variety of factors that influence an individual's health or lack thereof. The nurse is
referring to the Healthy People 2020 report from the U.S. Department of Health and
Human Services as a teaching example. Of the following aspects discussed, which
would be considered a determinant of health that is outside the focus of this report?
A) The client has a diverse background by being of Asian and Native American
descent and practices various alternative therapies to minimize effects of stress.
B) The client has a family history of cardiovascular disease related to
hypercholesterolemia and remains noncompliant with the treatment regime.
C) The client has a good career with exceptional preventative health care benefits.
D) The client lives in an affluent, clean, suburban community with access to many
health care facilities.
Ans: B
Feedback:
In Healthy People 2020, the focus is to promote good health to all (such as using
alternative therapies to minimize effects of stress); achieving health equity and
promoting health for all (which includes having good health care benefits); and
promoting good health (which includes living in a clean community with good access to
health care). A client's noncompliance with treatments to control high cholesterol levels
within the presence of a family history of CV disease does not meet the ―attaining lives
free of preventable disease and premature death‖ determinant.
,3. A physician is providing care for a number of patients on a medical unit of a large,
university hospital. The physician is discussing with a colleague the differentiation
between diseases that are caused by abnormal molecules and diseases that cause disease.
Which of the following patients most clearly demonstrates the consequences of
molecules that cause disease?
A) A 31-year-old woman with sickle cell anemia who is receiving a transfusion of
packed red blood cells
B) A 91-year-old woman who has experienced an ischemic stroke resulting from
familial hypercholesterolemia
C) A 19-year-old man with exacerbation of his cystic fibrosis requiring oxygen
therapy and chest physiotherapy
D) A 30-year-old homeless man who has Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) and
is HIV positive.
Ans: D
Feedback:
PCP is an example of the effect of a molecule that directly contributes to disease. Sickle
cell anemia, familial hypercholesterolemia, and cystic fibrosis are all examples of the
effects of abnormal molecules.
4. A member of the health care team is researching the etiology and pathogenesis of a
number of clients who are under his care in a hospital context. Which of the following
aspects of clients' situations bN
esUt R
chSaI
raN
ctGerTizBe.
s pCaOt hMo ge n e s i s rather than etiology?
A) A client who has been exposed to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium
B) A client who has increasing serum ammonia levels due to liver cirrhosis
C) A client who was admitted with the effects of methyl alcohol poisoning
D) A client with multiple skeletal injuries secondary to a motor vehicle accident
Ans: B
Feedback:
Pathogenesis refers to the progressive and evolutionary course of disease, such as the
increasing ammonia levels that accompany liver disease. Bacteria, poisons, and
traumatic injuries are examples of etiologic factors.
, 5. A nnew nmyocardial ninfarction npatient nrequiring nangioplasty nand nstent nplacement nhas
narrived nto nhis nfirst ncardiac nrehabilitation nappointment. n In nthis nfirst nsession, na nreview nof
nthe npathogenesis nof ncoronary nartery ndisease nis naddressed. nWhich nstatement nby nthe
npatient nverifies nto nthe nnurse nthat nhe nhas nunderstood nthe nnurse's nteachings nabout
ncoronary nartery ndisease?
A) ―All nI nhave nto ndo nis nstop nsmoking, nand nthen nI nwon't nhave nany nmore nheart nattacks.‖
B) ―My nartery nwas nclogged nby nfat, nso nI nwill nneed nto nstop neating nfatty nfoods
nlike nFrench nfries nevery nday.‖
C) ―Sounds nlike nthis nbegan nbecause nof ninflammation ninside nmy nartery nthat nmade
nit neasy nto nform nfatty nstreaks, nwhich nlead nto nmy nclogged nartery.‖
D) ―If nI ndo nnot nexercise nregularly nto nget nmy nheart nrate nup, nblood npools nin nthe nveins
ncausing na nclot nthat nstops nblood nflow nto nthe nmuscle, nand nI nwill nhave na nheart
nattack.‖
Ans: n C
Feedback:
The ntrue netiology/cause nof ncoronary nartery ndisease n(CAD) nis nunknown; nhowever, nthe
npathogenesis nof nthe ndisorder nrelates nto nthe nprogression nof nthe ninflammatory nprocess
nfrom na nfatty nstreak nto nthe nocclusive nvessel nlesion nseen nin npeople nwith ncoronary nartery
ndisease. nRisk nfactors nfor nCAD nrevolve naround ncigarette nsmoking, ndiet nhigh nin nfat, nand
nlack nof nexercise.
6. A n77-year-old nman nis na nhospital ninpatient nadmitted nfor nexacerbation nof nhis nchronic
nobstructive npulmonary ndisease n(COPD), nand na nrespiratory ntherapist n(RT) nis nassessing
NU
nthe nclient nfor nthe nfirst ntime. nWhich ofRthSeIfN
olG
loTwBin.gCaO
spMects nof nthe npatient's ncurrent
nstate nof nhealth nwould nbe nbest ncharacterized nas na nsymptom nrather nthan na nsign?
A) The npatient's noxygen nsaturation nis n83% nby npulse noxymetry.
B) The npatient nnotes nthat nhe nhas nincreased nwork nof nbreathing nwhen nlying nsupine.
C) The nRT nhears ndiminished nbreath nsounds nto nthe npatient's nlower nlung
nfields nbilaterally.
D) The npatient's nrespiratory nrate nis n31
nbreaths/minute. nAns: nB
Feedback:
Symptoms nare nsubjective ncomplaints nby nthe nperson nexperiencing nthe nhealth
nproblem, nsuch nas ncomplaints nof nbreathing ndifficulty. nOxygen nlevels, nlistening nto
nbreath nsounds, nand nrespiratory nrate nare nall nobjective, nobservable nsigns nof ndisease.
