Marcia's 4 processes that adolescents go through when they experience identity crisis. -
✔✔1. Foreclosure - blindly accepts parents value systems. to riding or fixed to meet life's
future crises.
2. Identity Diffusion - struggle of identity marked by no real progress.
3. Moratorium - state of experimentation but little commitment to ideology/ongoing identity
crisis
4. Identity Achievement - State of clarity and development of one's identity.
Gilligan's 3 stages of Ethic Care (same as Kohlberg's levels) - ✔✔1. Pre conventional - goal
individual survival
2. Conventional - self sacrifice is goodness
3. Post conventional - Principle of nonviolence (do not hurt self or others)
, Erikson's 8 Psychosocial Stages - ✔✔1. Basic trust vs. basic mistrust (security) (baby)
2. autonomy vs. shame (autonomy)(toddler)
3. initiative vs. guilt (purpose) (preschool)
4. industry vs. inferiority (competence)(elem/middle)
5. identity vs. identity diffusion (identity)(adolesence)
6. intimacy vs. isolation (love)(young adult)
7. generatively vs. self-absorption (productivity)(middle \adult)
8. integrity vs. despair (wisdom)(old age)
Physical/Cognitive/Social and Emotional Characteristics of PreK - Kindergarteners -
✔✔Physical - active, good controls of body
Cognitive - skillful with language
Social - friendships change a lot, aware of gender roles, preference for gender peers
Emotional - express emotions freely
Physical/Cognitive/Social and Emotional Characteristics of primary kids grades 1 -4 -
✔✔Physical - still active, large muscle control superior over small,
Cognitive - understand there are different ways to know things, talk aloud to self earlier on
Social - more selective in friends, overly concerned with rules
Emotional -sensitive to criticism, eager to please teacher
Physical/Cognitive/Social and Emotional Characteristics of elem. kids grades 5-6 -
✔✔Physical - both sexes leaner and stronger, gender differences appear
Cognitive - can think logically though inconsistent, simple skills at adult level
Social - peer groups replace adults, gender based friends
Emotional -more complex self image,
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