1. Know that listening and speaking are more than the aural and oral
aspects of : communication
2. Understand that these two processes are closely & they are to
language acquisition and to all aspects of literacy development:
interrelated; foundational
3. Assess listening and
speaking skills and the for learning these skills-
: strategies
4. Assess listening and speaking separately, in connection with each
other and in with the other language arts: combination
5. Realize that listening and
1/5
,speaking are an essential part of a rich, robust language arts curriculum
and should throughout the content curricula-
: extend
6. Aware that oral language is the foundation for literacy skills: all
7. Understand the literature that examines the between oral language
development and the acquisition of reading and writing skills, both for
native English speakers and for students learning English as a new
language: con- nection
8. Understand speaking and listening are the primary means by which many
children make of the world and communicate with others and that de-
velopment of oral language supports further development in reading,
writing, listening and viewing: sense
9. Recognize that the activities of speaking and listening help students
devel- op auditory , construct meaning and develop relationships:
discrimina- tion
2/5
, 10.Realize that listening is more than the act of hearing: physical
11.Understand that listening is a process that involves receiving, attending
to, understanding, analyzing, evaluating, and to sounds and messages: re-
acting
12.Are knowledgeable about the various types of listening such as
informa- tional, , and social: critical
13. Recognize that students need to communicate through speaking: -
effectively
14.Know that effective speaking involves such factors as fluency, clarity,
appropriate volume and speed and awareness of , purpose, and
con- text: audience
15.Know that children initially the rules of English grammar and
need explicit instruction in words that are exception to those rules, such as
irreg- ular past tense verb forms, irregular plural nouns and irregular
comparative adjectives and adverbs such as better and well.:
3/5
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