100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
Test Bank For Wong's Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 11th Edition by Marilyn J. Hockenberry; David Wilson; Cheryl C Rodgers All Chapters 1 to 31 complete Verified editon ISBN:9780323031103 $15.49
Add to cart

Exam (elaborations)

Test Bank For Wong's Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 11th Edition by Marilyn J. Hockenberry; David Wilson; Cheryl C Rodgers All Chapters 1 to 31 complete Verified editon ISBN:9780323031103

 14 views  0 purchase
  • Course
  • Nursing Pediatrics
  • Institution
  • Nursing Pediatrics

Test Bank For Wong's Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 11th Edition by Marilyn J. Hockenberry; David Wilson; Cheryl C Rodgers All Chapters 1 to 31 complete Verified editon ISBN:9780323031103 Test Bank For Wong's Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 11th Edition by Marilyn J. Hockenberry; David Wilson; Che...

[Show more]

Preview 10 out of 249  pages

  • October 11, 2024
  • 249
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • essentials of pediatric
book image

Book Title:

Author(s):

  • Edition:
  • ISBN:
  • Edition:
  • Nursing Pediatrics
  • Nursing Pediatrics
avatar-seller
LECTGRADER
1234567897 2
74

,01234678690490
  9

7

!
8

"
#
8$
% 
$

&' 


( #
8$
% 
$

)8

$
1
$8$
7

9!
*1
8$

+8$
$8

,
#'
-% 
$
$9 .,7


/% 
$,

9 .,
0% 
$
$#7


1% 
$,

#
% 
$
$0
7



% 
$
$$
7


&% 
$,

0
$

)% 
$
$!$
18$
7


*% 
$
$1
7


+% 
$,

!$
18$
1

-#
8$#

',
42238$8$
7


/#
8!#

$8$
7


07

28 8$8$
'#

%
3

1 9#!4



0$8$
.$" '


0$8$
.$(
'

&0$8$
.$8
'

)0$8$
.$%

#


'

* 0$8$
.$8

+0$8$
.$( '

-0$8$
.$8 ,
'

/0$8$
.$4'

00$8$
.$5
4

1
'
&10$8$
.$9 

5
'
& 0$8$
.$#
'

,D
0123824501
0 672895145
5157182508201251450123456789 51571825
E 



!
"
#$%&8'(
45147)2
4*+,,1-
4148./8
70+1211315
E




FGHIJEKLMNJEOPLQRESKTQLRJEOISTIEUNNPTSUVJREMSNWEOIJKEXQUKKSKYEUEVJUTISKYENJNNSPKEUZPLVE
TISQRIPPREPZJNSV[\E
]G H[XJE^ERSUZJVJNE
_G`JNXSMUVPM[ERSNJUNJE
aG bJQSUTERSNJUNJE
cGH[XJE^^ERSUZJVJNE
defgEhE
bISQRIPPREPZJNSV[EIUNEZJJKEUNNPTSUVJREOSVIEVIJEMSNJEPiEV[XJE^^ERSUZJVJNESKETISQRMJKjEH[XJE^E
RSUZJVJNESNEKPVEUNNPTSUVJREOSVIEPZJNSV[EUKREIUNEUEYJKJVSTETPkXPKJKVjÈJNXSMUVPM[ERSNJUNJESNE
KPVEUNNPTSUVJREOSVIEPZJNSV[lEUKRETJQSUTERSNJUNJESNEVIJESKUZSQSV[EVPEkJVUZPQSmJEYQLVJKESKEiPPRNE
UKRESNEKPVEUNNPTSUVJREOSVIEPZJNSV[jE
E
h^ngE bPYKSVSoJEpJoJQgÈJkJkZJME
HqrgE^KVJYMUVJRErMPTJNNgEeLMNSKYErMPTJNNgErQUKKSKYE
sfbgEdMJUEPiEbQSJKVEeJJRNgEtJUQVIErMPkPVSPKEUKREsUSKVJKUKTJE
E
uGvISTIENJTPKRwQJURSKYETULNJEPiERJUVIEVPXSTEOPLQREVIJEKLMNJEJkXIUNSmJEVPEUEYMPLXEPiEZP[NE
MUKYSKYESKEUYJEiMPkExyEVPExzE[JUMN\E
]G fLSTSRJE
_GbUKTJME
aG tPkSTSRJE
cGqTTLXUVSPKUQESK{LMSJNE
defgEbE
nSMJUMkEIPkSTSRJESNEVIJENJTPKREPoJMUQQETULNJEPiERJUVIESKEVISNEUYJEYMPLXEUKREVIJEQJURSKYE
TULNJEPiERJUVIESKEdiMSTUKwdkJMSTUKEkUQJNjEfLSTSRJESNEVIJEVISMRwQJURSKYETULNJEPiERJUVIESKEVISNE
XPXLQUVSPKjEbUKTJMlEUQVIPLYIEUEkU{PMEIJUQVIEXMPZQJklESNEVIJEiPLMVIwQJURSKYETULNJEPiERJUVIESKE
VISNEUYJEYMPLXjEqTTLXUVSPKUQESK{LMSJNERPEKPVETPKVMSZLVJEVPEUENSYKSiSTUKVERJUVIEMUVJEiPMEVISNEUYJE
YMPLXjE
E
h^ngE bPYKSVSoJEpJoJQgE|KRJMNVUKRE
HqrgE^KVJYMUVJRErMPTJNNgEeLMNSKYErMPTJNNgErQUKKSKYE
sfbgEdMJUEPiEbQSJKVEeJJRNgEtJUQVIErMPkPVSPKEUKREsUSKVJKUKTJE
E
}GvISTIESNEVIJEkU{PMETULNJEPiERJUVIEiPMETISQRMJKEPQRJMEVIUKExE[JUM\E
]G bUKTJME
_GtJUMVERSNJUNJE
aG |KSKVJKVSPKUQESK{LMSJNE
cGbPKYJKSVUQEUKPkUQSJNE
defgEbE



D ,9(5*

48585067950128249595*59:;<=> 819546789 ?51185@,61A<
4414021488'148729144*5 B155C

,D
0123824501
0 672895145
5157182508201251450123456789 51571825
EE 15



!"
#$%&8'(45147)24*+,,1 -4148./870+12113
FGHGIJGIHKGLMEHGNOPHJQERLSSHTJGIQUELPJEIVJEMJLTHGWESLOQJEKXETJLIVELXIJPELWJEYEZJLPEIVPKOWVE
LTKMJQSJGSJ[E\KGWJGHILMELGK]LMHJQELPJEIVJEMJLTHGWESLOQJEKXETJLIVEHGEIVKQJEZKOGWJPEIVLGEYE
ZJLP[E\LGSJPEPLG^QEJHIVJPEQJSKGTEKPEXKOPIV_ETJ`JGTHGWEKGEIVJELWJEWPKO`_ELGTEVJLPIETHQJLQJE
PLG^QEXHXIVEHGEIVJE]LNKPHIZEKXEIVJELWJEWPKO`Q[E
E
abcdE \KWGHIHeJEfJeJMdEgJ]J]hJPE
ijkdEbGIJWPLIJTEkPKSJQQdElOPQHGWEkPKSJQQdEkMLGGHGWE
mn\dEoPJLEKXE\MHJGIElJJTQdEpJLMIVEkPK]KIHKGELGTEmLHGIJGLGSJE
E
qrsVHSVEXLSIKPE]KQIEH]`LSIQEIVJEIZ`JEKXEHGNOPZELESVHMTEHQEQOQSJ`IHhMJEIK_ELSSKPTHGWEIKEIVJE
tuvwxyzELWJ{E
|r kVZQHSLMEVJLMIVEKXEIVJESVHMTE
}raJeJMK`]JGILMEMJeJMEKXEIVJESVHMTE
~r TOSLIHKGLMEMJeJMEKXEIVJESVHMTE
€rlO]hJPEKXEPJQ`KGQHhMJELTOMIQEHGEIVJEVK]JE
olndEE
‚uƒ„tuvwxyz„xƒƒw†‡ˆƒ‰Š‹w„zŠ‹Œƒ„xƒŠƒˆv‰ƒz„Šuƒ„ŠŽ‡ƒ„†„v‰‘Ž„Šu‹Š„vz„wv’ƒwŽ„Š†„†tt‘“„‚uƒE
tuvwxyz„‡uŽzvt‹w„uƒ‹wŠu„ˆ‹Ž„‹tvwvŠ‹Šƒ„Šuƒ„tuvwxyz„ƒt†ƒŽ„†ˆ„‹‰„v‰‘Ž„”‘Š„x†ƒz„‰†Š„vˆ‡‹tŠE
IVJEIZ`JEKXEHGNOPZ[ETOSLIHKGLMEMJeJMEHQEPJMLIJTEIKETJeJMK`]JGILMEMJeJM_EhOIEHIEHQEGKIELQE
vˆ‡†Š‹‰Š„‹z„Šuƒ„tuvwxyz„xƒƒw†‡ˆƒ‰Š‹w„wƒƒw„v‰„xƒŠƒˆv‰v‰Œ„Šuƒ„ŠŽ‡ƒ„†„v‰‘Ž“„‚uƒ„‰‘ˆ”ƒE
KXEPJQ`KGQHhMJELTOMIQEHGEIVJEVK]JE]LZELXXJSIEIVJEGO]hJPEKXEOGHGIJGIHKGLMEHGNOPHJQ_EhOIEIVJE
IZ`JEKXEHGNOPZEHQEPJMLIJTEIKEIVJEtuvwxyzETJeJMK`]JGILMEQILWJ[E
E
abcdE \KWGHIHeJEfJeJMdEFGTJPQILGTE
ijkdEbGIJWPLIJTEkPKSJQQdElOPQHGWEkPKSJQQdEkMLGGHGWE
mn\dEoPJLEKXE\MHJGIElJJTQdEpJLMIVEkPK]KIHKGELGTEmLHGIJGLGSJE
E




•roEGOPQJEKGELÈJTHLIPHSEOGHIEHQÈPLSIHSHGWEXL]HMZ–SJGIJPJTESLPJ[EsVHSVEHQE]KQIETJQSPH̀IHeJEKXE
IVJESLPJEIVJEGOPQJEHQETJMHeJPHGW{E
|r iL^HGWEKeJPEIKILMESLPJEKXEIVJESVHMTEIKEPJTOSJEQIPJQQEKGEIVJEXL]HMZE
}rGSKOPLWHGWEXL]HMZETJ`JGTJGSJEKGEVJLMIVESLPJEQZQIJ]QE
~r gJSKWGH—HGWEIVLIEIVJEXL]HMZEHQEIVJESKGQILGIEHGELEtuvwxyzEMHXJE
€r˜SMOTHGWEXL]HMHJQEXPK]EIVJETJSHQHKG–]L^HGWÈPKSJQQE
olndE\E
iVJEIVPJJE^JZESK]`KGJGIQEKXEXL]HMZ–SJGIJPJTESLPJELPJEPJQ`JSI_ESKMMLhKPLIHKG_ELGTEQO``KPI[E
cL]HMZ–tƒ‰Šƒƒx„t‹ƒ„ƒt†Œ‰v™ƒz„Šuƒ„‹ˆvwŽ„‹z„Šuƒ„t†‰zŠ‹‰Š„v‰„Šuƒ„tuvwxyz„wvƒ“„‚‹’v‰Œ„†ƒE
IKILMESLPJETKJQEGKIEHGSMOTJEIVJEXL]HMZEHGEIVJÈPKSJQQELGTE]LZEHGSPJLQJEQIPJQQEHGQIJLTEKXE
PJTOSHGWEQIPJQQ[EiVJEXL]HMZEQVKOMTEhJEJGLhMJTELGTEJ]`KšJPJTEIKEšKP^EšHIVEIVJEVJLMIVESLPJE
QZQIJ][EiVJEXL]HMZEHQEJ˜`JSIJTEIKEhJÈLPIEKXEIVJETJSHQHKG–]L^HGWÈPKSJQQ[E
E
abcdE \KWGHIHeJEfJeJMdEFGTJPQILGTE
ijkdEbGIJWPLIJTEkPKSJQQdElOPQHGWEkPKSJQQdEb]`MJ]JGILIHKGE
mn\dEoPJLEKXE\MHJGIElJJTQdEpJLMIVEkPK]KIHKGELGTEmLHGIJGLGSJE
E
›rsVHSVEHGIJPeJGIHKGEšKOMTEIVJEGOPQJEHGSMOTJEšVJGÈPKeHTHGWELIPLO]LIHSESLPJ{E
|r kPJ`LPJEIVJESVHMTEXKPEQJ`LPLIHKGEXPK]ÈLPJGIQETOPHGWEVKQ`HILMH—LIHKGEhZEPJeHJšHGWELE
eHTJK[E
}rkPJ`LPJEIVJESVHMTEhJXKPJELGZEOGXL]HMHLPEIPJLI]JGIEKPÈPKSJTOPJ[E
~r pJM̀EIVJESVHMTELSSJ`IEIVJEMKQQEKXESKGIPKMELQQKSHLIJTEšHIVEVKQ`HILMH—LIHKG[E

D 19(5*

48585067950128249595*59:;<=> 819546789 ?51185@,61A<
4414021488'148729144*5 B155C

,D
0123824501
0 672895145
5157182508201251450123456789 51571825
E 



!
"
#$%&8'(
45147)2
4*+,,1-
4148./8
70+1211315
FGHIJKELMIENMOJPEQNNIKLEKQORELMQLEOSENTRRINLIPEUOLMEQELVIQLWIRLETVEKVTNIPXVIYE
Z[\]E^E
_VIKQVOR`ELMIENMOJPEaTVEQRbEXRaQWOJOQVELVIQLWIRLScENTRLVTJJOR`EKQORcEQJJTUOR`EKVOdQNbcE
KVTdOPOR`EKJQbEQNLOdOLOISEaTVEIeKVISSOTRETaEaIQVEQRPEQ``VISSOTRcEKVTdOPOR`ENMTONIScEQRPE
VISKINLOR`ENXJLXVQJEPOaaIVIRNISEQVIENTWKTRIRLSETaEQLVQXWQLONENQVIYEfRELMIEKVTdOSOTRETaE
QLVQXWQLONENQVIcELMIESIKQVQLOTRETaENMOJPEaVTWEKQVIRLSEPXVOR`EMTSKOLQJOgQLOTREOSEWOROWOgIPYE
hMIERXVSIESMTXJPEKVTWTLIEQESIRSIETaENTRLVTJEaTVELMIENMOJPYE_VIdIRLOR`EQRPEWOROWOgOR`EiTPOJbE
ORjXVbEQRPEKQOREQVIEWQjTVENTWKTRIRLSETaEQLVQXWQLONENQVIYE
E
kfl]E mT`ROLOdIEnIdIJ]EoRPIVSLQRPE
hp_]EfRLI`VQLIPE_VTNISS]E[XVSOR`E_VTNISS]EfWKJIWIRLQLOTRE
q\m]EZVIQETaEmJOIRLE[IIPS]E_SbNMTSTNOQJEfRLI`VOLbE
E
rGsMONMEOSESX``ISLOdIELMQLEQERXVSIEMQSEQERTRLMIVQKIXLONEVIJQLOTRSMOKEUOLMEQEKQLOIRLEQRPEaQWOJbtE
uG \LQaaEOSENTRNIVRIPEQiTXLELMIEvwxyz{y|}~yzvzyyEUOLMELMIEKQLOIRLEQRPEaQWOJbYE
€G\LQaaEQSSÒRWIRLSEQJJTUELMIERXVSIELTENQVIEaTVESQWIEKQLOIRLEQRPEaQWOJbETdIVEQRE
IeLIRPIPELOWIYE
G [XVSIEOSEQiJIELTEUOLMPVQUEIWTLOTRQJJbEUMIREIWTLOTRQJETdIVJTQPETNNXVSEiXLESLOJJE
VIWQORSENTWWOLLIPYE
FG[XVSIEXSISELIQNMOR`ES‚OJJSELTEORSLVXNLEKQLOIRLEQRPEaQWOJbEVQLMIVELMQREPTOR`E
IdIVbLMOR`EaTVELMIWYE
Z[\]EZE
ZENJXIELTEQERTRLMIVQKIXLONESLQaaƒKQLOIRLEVIJQLOTRSMOKEOSENTRNIVREibETLMIVESLQaaEWIWiIVSYE
ZJJTUOR`ELMIERXVSIELTENQVIEaTVELMIESQWIEKQLOIRLETdIVELOWIEUTXJPEiIELMIVQKIXLONEaTVELMIE
KQLOIRLEQRPEaQWOJbYE[XVSISEUMTEQVIEQiJIELTESTWIUMQLEUOLMPVQUEIWTLOTRQJJbENQREKVTLINLE
LMIWSIJdISEUMOJIEKVTdOPOR`ELMIVQKIXLONENQVIYE[XVSISEXSOR`ELIQNMOR`ES‚OJJSELTEORSLVXNLEKQLOIRLE
QRPEaQWOJbEUOJJEQSSOSLEORELVQRSOLOTROR`ELMIENMOJPEQRPEaQWOJbELTESIJaƒNQVIYE
E
kfl]E mT`ROLOdIEnIdIJ]EZRQJbgIE
hp_]EfRLI`VQLIPE_VTNISS]E[XVSOR`E_VTNISS]EZSSISSWIRLE
q\m]EZVIQETaEmJOIRLE[IIPS]E_SbNMTSTNOQJEfRLI`VOLbE
E
„GsMONMEOSEPISNVOKLOdIETaENJORONQJEVIQSTROR`tE
uG ZESOWKJIEPIdIJTKWIRLQJEKVTNISSE
€GZENT`ROLOdIEKVTNISSEXSIPELTEQRQJbgIEPQLQE
G ^QSIPETREPIJOiIVQLIEQRPEOVVQLOTRQJELMTX`MLE
FGZSSOSLSEORPOdOPXQJSEORÈXISSOR`EUMONMEOSEWTSLEQKKVTKVOQLIE
Z[\]E^E
mJORONQJEVIQSTROR`EOSEQENTWKJIecEPIdIJTKWIRLQJEKVTNISSEiQSIPETREVQLOTRQJEQRPEPIJOiIVQLIE
LMTX`MLYEmJORONQJEVIQSTROR`EOSERTLEQEPIdIJTKWIRLQJEKVTNISSYEmJORONQJEVIQSTROR`EOSEiQSIPETRE
VQLOTRQJEQRPEPIJOiIVQLIELMTX`MLYEmJORONQJEVIQSTROR`EOSERTLEQÈXISSOR`EKVTNISSYE
E
kfl]E mT`ROLOdIEnIdIJ]EoRPIVSLQRPE
hp_]EfRLI`VQLIPE_VTNISS]E[XVSOR`E_VTNISS]E_JQRROR`E
q\m]EZVIQETaEmJOIRLE[IIPS]E\QaIEQRPEaaINLOdIEmQVIERdOVTRWIRL]EqQRQ`IWIRLETaEmQVIE
E
†G‡|vwxyz|ˆ‰Šzy|‹Œz|z}ŽyŽv|‹|‰~|‰|‹Ž}‰~|‰vzy‹Œz‹Ž}|‹|‰|}ŒŽ~{y|yŠŽv|‘z’xz|x‰“Žv”E
iJTTPYEsMONMEILMONQJEKVORNOKJIEOSELMIERXVSIEPIWTRSLVQLOR`tE

D A9(5*

48585067950128249595*59:;<=> 819546789 ?51185@,61A<
4414021488'148729144*5 B155C

,E
0123824501
0 672895145
5157182508201251450123456789 51571825
F 



!
"
#$%&8'(
45147)2
4*+,,1-
4148./8
70+1211315
GH IJKLMLNOF
PHQRMRSTURMURF
VH WJXKTURF
YHZ[JK\SJ]MRXXF
I^_F̀QF
abcbdefbcfbgehgijbgklmenoiekcgikgpqkrkibgijbgpoiebcishgtbmmuvRTMwxFIyy]OTMwFzFKLyTUz]F
zMRXK\RKTUFvRSL[RF{[z|TMwFv]LL{Fy[LNLKRXF[R{JUTMwFK\RF{TXULNSL[KFLSFK\RF}RMTyJMUKJ[RxF
~ikckr€gehgijbgpoiebcishgqenjigikglbgXR]SuwL}R[MTMwxFWJXKTURFTXFK\RFULMURyKFLSFSzT[MRXXxF
Z[JK\SJ]MRXXFTXFK\RFULMURyKFLSF\LMRXKOxF
F
‚ƒF̀ „LwMTKT}RFR}R]F̀†M{R[XKzM{F
Z‡ˆF̀‚MKRw[zKR{Fˆ[LURXXF̀^J[XTMwFˆ[LURXXF̀‚Ny]RNRMKzKTLMF
‰_„F̀I[RzFLSF„]TRMKF^RR{XF̀ˆ\OXTL]LwTUz]F‚MKRw[TKOF
F
Š‹HŒ\TU\FzUKTLMFvOFK\RFMJ[XRF{RNLMXK[zKRXFJXRFLSFR}T{RMURuvzXR{Fy[zUKTURFŽQˆF
GH ‘zK\R[TMwFR’JTyNRMKFSL[FzFy[LUR{J[RF
PHLUJNRMKTMwFU\zMwRXFTMFzFpoiebcishFXKzKJXF
VH “JRXKTLMTMwFK\RFy[zUKTURFLSF{zT]OFURMK[z]F]TMRF{[RXXTMwFU\zMwRXF
YH„]z[TSOTMwFzFpj€hefeocshFy[RXU[TyKTLMFSL[FNL[y\TMRF
I^_F̀„F
Z\RFMJ[XRF|\LF’JRXKTLMXFK\RF{zT]OFURMK[z]F]TMRF{[RXXTMwFU\zMwRFTXFzXUR[KzTMTMwF|\RK\R[F
U]TMTUz]FTMKR[}RMKTLMXF[RXJ]KFTMFyLXTKT}RFLJKULNRXFSL[FyzKTRMKXxFZ\TXF{RNLMXK[zKRXFŽQˆ”F|\TU\F
TNy]TRXF’JRXKTLMTMwF|\OFXLNRK\TMwFTXFRSSRUKT}RFzM{F|\RK\R[FzFvRKKR[Fzyy[LzU\FR•TXKXxF
–oijbqecngb—eprbcigdkqgogpqkfb˜qbgoc˜g˜kfrbciecngfjocnbhgecgogpoiebcishghioihgoqbF
pqofiefbhgijoigdkmmktgbhiolmehjb˜gne˜bmecbh™gšmoqed€ecngogpj€hefeocshgpqbhfqepiekcgdkqF
NL[y\TMRFULMXKTKJKRXFXzSRFMJ[XTMwFUz[RxF F
F
‚ƒF̀ „LwMTKT}RFR}R]F̀Iyy]OF
Z‡ˆF̀‚MKRw[zKR{Fˆ[LURXXF̀^J[XTMwFˆ[LURXXF̀Ž}z]JzKTLMF
‰_„F̀I[RzFLSF„]TRMKF^RR{XF̀_zSRFzM{FŽSSRUKT}RF„z[RFŽM}T[LMNRMK̀F‰zMzwRNRMKFLSF„z[RF
F
ŠŠHIFMJ[XRFTXFz{NTKKTMwFzFKL{{]R[FKLFK\RF\LXyTKz]FzM{FK\RFyz[RMKXFXKzKRFK\ROF|T]]FMRR{FKLF]Rz}RFSL[F
zFv[TRSFyR[TL{xFŒ\TU\FKOyRFLSFMJ[XTMwF{TzwMLXTXF|LJ]{FK\RFMJ[XRFSL[NJ]zKRFSL[FK\TXFU\T]{F
GH ›TXœFSL[FzM•TRKOF
PHIM•TRKOF
VH ›Rz{TMRXXFSL[FRM\zMUR{FULyTMwF
YH‚MRSSRUKT}RFULyTMwF
I^_F̀IF
IFyLKRMKTz]Fy[Lv]RNFTXFUzKRwL[TR{FzXFzF[TXœxFZ\RFKL{{]R[F\zXFzF[TXœFKLFvRULNRFzM•TLJXF|\RMF
K\RFyz[RMKXF]Rz}RxF^J[XTMwFTMKR[}RMKTLMXF|T]]FvRFwRz[R{FKL|z[{F[R{JUTMwFK\RF[TXœxFZ\RFU\T]{FTXF
MLKFX\L|TMwFUJ[[RMKFzM•TRKOFL[FTMRSSRUKT}RFULyTMwxFZ\RFU\T]{FTXFMLKFzKFzFyLTMKFSL[F[Rz{TMRXXF
SL[FRM\zMUR{FULyTMw”FRXyRUTz]]OFvRUzJXRFK\RFyz[RMKXF|T]]FvRF]Rz}TMwxF
F
‚ƒF̀ „LwMTKT}RFR}R]F̀Iyy]OF
Z‡ˆF̀‚MKRw[zKR{Fˆ[LURXXF̀^J[XTMwFˆ[LURXXF̀TzwMLXTXF
‰_„F̀I[RzFLSF„]TRMKF^RR{XF̀žRz]K\Fˆ[LNLKTLMFzM{F‰zTMKRMzMURF



E D9(5*

48585067950128249595*59:;<=> 819546789 ?51185@,61A<
4414021488'148729144*5 B155C

,D
0123824501
0 672895145
5157182508201251450123456789 51571825
E 



!
"
#$%&8'(
45147)2
4*+,,1-
4148./8
70+1211315
FGHIJKLJEMNOKLPQERLLSTRPNEMULSVNWPRPKUWEXUTEREMTNQQKWYELJRWYNEUWERELJKZME[JUEJRQERWE
ROONWMNLPUV\EKWLKQKUW]E
^H _TNQQKWYELJRWYNEPUEROONWMNLPUV\EKWLKQKUWELUVOZNPNMÈLJKZMEPUZNTRPNMEOTULNMSTNE
[NZZ̀EORTNWPEOTNQNWPE
aHbUELUVOZKLRPKUWQEWUPNMEMSTKWYEMTNQQKWYELJRWYNEPUEROONWMNLPUV\EKWLKQKUWE
cH dOONWMNLPUV\EKWLKQKUWEWUWeTNMMNWNMÈQSPSTNQEKWPRLP̀EWUEMTRKWRYNEWUPNMEUWEUZME
MTNQQKWYÈWN[EMTNQQKWYEROOZKNMÈOTULNMSTNEPUZNTRPNME[NZZEf\ELJKZME
gHbUELJRWYNQEPUEROONWMNLPUV\EKWLKQKUWRZERTNRÈMTNQQKWYELJRWYNMÈLJKZMELUVOZRKWNME
UXEORKWEMSTKWYEOTULNMSTNÈWN[EMTNQQKWYELZNRWÈMT\ERWMEKWPRLPE
dbhiEjE
kJNEWSTQNEQJUSZMEMULSVNWPERQQNQQVNWPQERWMETNRQQNQQVNWPQlEdOONRTRWLNEUXEPJNEKWLKQKUWE
MNQLTKfNMEKWEUfmNLPKnNEPNTVQEQJUSZMEfNEKWLZSMNMEMSTKWYEREMTNQQKWYELJRWYNlEkJNEWSTQNEQJUSZME
opqrstuvwxyvztuv{|w}t|xpu|twyuowv~twprvqpst|wpwv~twqy}twx}p€zotow‚uwv~z|wtƒysx„twv~t|tE
KWLZSMNEMTRKWRYNEUWEPJNEUZMEMTNQQzu†wv~twyxx„zqyvzpuwpwv~twut‡wo}t||zu†wyuowv~twq~z„o{|E
TNQOUWQNlEkJNEUPJNTEQPRPNVNWPQEORTPKRZZ\EXSZXKZZEPJNETNˆSKTNVNWPQEUXEMULSVNWPKWYERQQNQQVNWPQE
RWMETNRQQNQQVNWPQÈxyvztuv{|ETNQOUWQNÈRWMEUSPLUVNÈfSPEMUEWUPEKWLZSMNERZZEPJTNNlE
E
_‰ŠiE jUYWKPKnNE‹NnNZiEdWRZ\ŒNE
kŽiE‰WPNYTRPNMEŽTULNQQiEbSTQKWYEŽTULNQQiE‰VOZNVNWPRPKUWE
hjiEdTNREUXEjZKNWPEbNNMQiEhRXNERWMEXXNLPKnNEjRTNEWnKTUWVNWPiERWRYNVNWPEUXEjRTNE
E
F‘HdEWSTQNEKQEOZRWWKWYERELZRQQEUWERLLKMNWPEOTNnNWPKUWEXUTEORTNWPQEUXEPUMMZNTQlEIJKLJEQRXNP\E
PUOKLEKQEPJNEOTKUTKP\EXUTEPJKQELZRQQ]E
^H jUTTNLPESQNEUXELRTEQNRPETNQPTRKWPQE
aHhRXNP\ELTUQQKWYEPJNEQPTNNPE
cH ’NZVNPESQNE[JNWETKMKWYEREfKL\LZNE
gHŽUKQUWELUWPTUZEWSVfNTQE
dbhiEdE
UPUTEnNJKLZNERLLKMNWPQE“”dQ•ELUWPKWSNEPUEfNEPJNEVUQPELUVVUWELRSQNEUXEMNRPJEKWELJKZMTNWE
UZMNTEPJRWE–E\NRTÈPJNTNXUTNEPJNEOTKUTKP\EPUOKLEKQEROOTUOTKRPNESQNEUXELRTEQNRPETNQPTRKWPQlEhRXNP\E
LTUQQKWYEPJNEQPTNNPERWMEfKL\LZNEJNZVNPESQNERTNEPUOKLQEPJRPEQJUSZMEfNEKWLZSMNMEXUTEOTNQLJUUZE
ORTNWPQEfSPERTNEWUPEOTKUTKPKNQEXUTEORTNWPQEUXEPUMMZNTQlE‰WXUTVRPKUWERfUSPEOUKQUWELUWPTUZEKQE
KVOUTPRWPEXUTEORTNWPQEUXEPUMMZNTQERWME[USZMEfNEREQRXNP\EPUOKLEPUEKWLZSMNEfSPEKQEWUPEPJNE
OTKUTKP\EUnNTEROOTUOTKRPNESQNEUXELRTEQNRPETNQPTRKWPQlE
E
_‰ŠiE jUYWKPKnNE‹NnNZiEdOOZ\E
kŽiE‰WPNYTRPNMEŽTULNQQiEbSTQKWYEŽTULNQQiEŽZRWWKWYE
hjiEdTNREUXEjZKNWPEbNNMQiE’NRZPJEŽTUVUPKUWERWMERKWPNWRWLNE
E
F—HdEWSTQNEKQELUZZNLPKWYEQSfmNLPKnNERWMEUfmNLPKnNEKWXUTVRPKUWERfUSPEPRTYNPEOUOSZRPKUWQEPUE
MKRYWUQNEOTUfZNVQEfRQNMEUWELUVVSWKP\EWNNMQlEkJKQEMNQLTKfNQE[JKLJEQPNOEKWEPJNELUVVSWKP\E
WSTQKWYEOTULNQQ]E
^H ŽZRWWKWYE
aH_KRYWUQKQE
cH dQQNQQVNWPE
gHQPRfZKQJKWYEUfmNLPKnNQE
dbhiEjE


D =9(5*

48585067950128249595*59:;<=> 819546789 ?51185@,61A<
4414021488'148729144*5 B155C

,D
0123824501
0 672895145
5157182508201251450123456789 51571825
E 



!
"
#$%&8'(
45147)2
4*+,,1-
4148./8
70+1211315
FGGHGGIHJKELGEMENOJKLJPOPGEQRONHGGEKSMKEOQHRMKHGEMKEMTTEQSMGHGEOUEQROVTHIEGOTWLJXEMJYELGEKSHE
UOPJYMKLOJEUOREYHNLGLOJEIMZLJX[EFGGHGGIHJKELJWOTWHGEIPTKLQTHEJPRGLJXEGZLTTGEMJYENOJGLGKGEOUE
KSHEQPRQOGHUPTENOTTHNKLOJ\ENTMGGLULNMKLOJ\EMJYEMJMT]GLGEOUEYMKMEUROIEMEWMRLHK]EOUEGOPRNHG[E
^LMXJOGLJXELGEKSHEJH_KEGKHQEOUEKSHEJPRGLJXEQRONHGGÈSHJEKSHEQROVTHIELGELYHJKLULHY[EaSHEJPRGHE
GSOPTYEHGKMVTLGSEOVbHNKLWHGEUOREKSHEMNKLWLK]EVHUORHEGKMRKLJXEKSHEJPRGLJXEQRONHGG[E
E
^cdeE fOXJLKLWHEgHWHTeEhHIHIVHRE
aijeEcJKHXRMKHYEjRONHGGeEkPRGLJXEjRONHGGeEFGGHGGIHJKE
lmfeEFRHMEOUEfTLHJKEkHHYGeEmMUHEMJYEnUUHNKLWHEfMRHEnJWLROJIHJKeElMJMXHIHJKEOUEfMRHE
E
opqFEJPRGHESMGEHGKMVTLGSHYEGHWHRMTESHMTKSEQROXRMIG\EGPNSEMGEVLN]NTHEGMUHK]\EKOELIQROWHEKSHE
SHMTKSEGKMKPGEOUEMEKMRXHKEQOQPTMKLOJ[EaSLGEYHGNRLVHGÈSLNSEGKHQELJEKSHENOIIPJLK]EJPRGLJXE
QRONHGGrE
sq jTMJJLJXE
tqnWMTPMKLOJE
uq FGGHGGIHJKE
vqcIQTHIHJKMKLOJE
FkmeE^E
aSHEJPRGHÈORZLJXÈLKSEKSHENOIIPJLK]EKOEQPKELJKOEQRMNKLNHEMEQROXRMIEKOERHMNSENOIIPJLK]E
XOMTGELGEKSHELIQTHIHJKMKLOJEQSMGHEOUEKSHENOIIPJLK]EJPRGLJXEQRONHGG[EjTMJJLJXELJWOTWHGE
YHGLXJLJXEKSHEQROXRMIEKOEIHHKENOIIPJLK]wNHJKHRHYEXOMTG[EaSHEHWMTPMKLOJEGKMXHÈOPTYE
YHKHRILJHEKSHEHUUHNKLWHJHGGEOUEKSHEQROXRMI[E^PRLJXEKSHEMGGHGGIHJKEQSMGH\EKSHEJPRGHÈOPTYE
LYHJKLU]EKSHERHGOPRNHGEJHNHGGMR]EMJYEKSHEVMRRLHRGEKSMKÈOPTYELJKHRUHRHÈLKSELIQTHIHJKMKLOJ[E
E
^cdeE fOXJLKLWHEgHWHTeEFQQT]E
aijeEcJKHXRMKHYEjRONHGGeEkPRGLJXEjRONHGGeEcIQTHIHJKMKLOJE
lmfeEFRHMEOUEfTLHJKEkHHYGeEmMUHEMJYEnUUHNKLWHEfMRHEnJWLROJIHJKeElMJMXHIHJKEOUEfMRHE
E
oxqySHJENOIIPJLNMKLJXÈLKSEOKSHREQROUHGGLOJMTG\ÈSLNSELGELIQORKMJKEUOREKSHEJPRGHEKOEYOrE
sq FGZEOKSHRGÈSMKEKSH]ÈMJKEKOEZJO`[E
tqmSMRHEHWHR]KSLJXEZJO`JEMVOPKEKSHEUMILT][E
uq hHGKRLNKENOIIPJLNMKLOJEKOENTLJLNMTT]ERHTHWMJKELJUORIMKLOJ[E
vqhHNOXJLzHEKSMKENOJULYHJKLMTLK]ELGEJOKEQOGGLVTH[E
FkmeEfE
aSHEJPRGHÈLTTEJHHYEKOEGSMRH\EKSROPXSEVOKSEORMTEMJYÈRLKKHJENOIIPJLNMKLOJ\ENTLJLNMTT]E
RHTHWMJKELJUORIMKLOJÈLKSEOKSHRELJWOTWHYESHMTKSEQROUHGGLOJMTG[EFGZLJXEOKSHRGÈSMKEKSH]ÈMJKE
KOEZJO`EMJYEGSMRLJXEHWHR]KSLJXEZJO`JEMVOPKEKSHEUMILT]ELGELJMQQROQRLMKH[EjMKLHJKGESMWHEME
RLXSKEKOENOJULYHJKLMTLK][EaSHEJPRGHELGEJOKEQHRILKKHYEKOEGSMRHELJUORIMKLOJEMVOPKENTLHJKG\EH_NHQKE
{|}~}{||€‚ƒ|ƒ„~}~†‡‚ˆ}‡~‰Šƒ‚}~‹‡‰ƒ{‰}|Œ‹{‚ƒŽ‡~†}Œƒ~}|}€Šƒ‚ˆ}‹‰ƒE
YLGNTOGPRHEOUELJUORIMKLOJEKOEOKSHRESHMTKSEQROUHGGLOJMTGEOJEMEJHHYwKOwZJO`EVMGLG[E
E
^cdeE fOXJLKLWHEgHWHTeEFQQT]E
aijeEcJKHXRMKHYEjRONHGGeEfOIIPJLNMKLOJEMJYE^ONPIHJKMKLOJE
lmfeEFRHMEOUEfTLHJKEkHHYGeEmMUHEMJYEnUUHNKLWHEfMRHEnJWLROJIHJKeElMJMXHIHJKEOUEfMRHE
E
oqFEJPRGHELGEUORIPTMKLJXEMENTLJLNMTE‘PHGKLOJEUOREHWLYHJNHwVMGHYEQRMNKLNH[EjTMNHELJEGH‘PHJKLMTE
ORYHREKSHEGKHQGEKSHEJPRGHEGSOPTYEPGHEKOENTMRLU]EKSHEGNOQHEOUEKSHEQROVTHIEMJYENTLJLNMTEKOQLNEOUE
LJKHRHGKeE
oqcJKHRWHJKLOJE

D <9(5*

48585067950128249595*59:;<=> 819546789 ?51185@,61A<
4414021488'148729144*5 B155C

,E
0123824501
0 672895145
5157182508201251450123456789 51571825
F 



!
"
#$%&8'(
45147)2
4*+,,1-
4148./8
70+1211315
GHIJKLMNOF
PHQMRJSTKUMVF
WHXUNOF
YHZMNRT[U\MVF
T]F^_F̀_Fa_Fb_FaF
c]F`_Fb_Fd_F^_FaF
L]FFFd_Fa_F̀_Fb_F^F
e]Fb_Fd_Fa_F̀_F^F
fghiFZF
jkOVFlM[NJSTKUVmFTFLSUVULTSFnJO\KUMVFlM[FOoUeOVLOpcT\OeFR[TLKULO_FKkOFVJ[\OFqMJSeFlMSSMqFTF
LMVLU\O_FM[mTVUrOeFqTsFKkTKFTSSMq\FlM[FLSOT[FTV\qO[\]FtMMeFLSUVULTSFnJO\KUMV\F\kMJSeFcOF
T\uOeFUVFKkOFQvZIXFwRMRJSTKUMV_FUVKO[oOVKUMV_FLMNRT[U\MV_FMJKLMNO_FKUNOxFlM[NTKFKMFT\\U\KF
qUKkFLST[UKsFTVeFSUKO[TKJ[OF\OT[LkUVm]FQvZIXFnJO\KUMV\FT\\U\KFqUKkFLST[UlsUVmFKkOF\LMROFMlFKkOF
R[McSONFTVeFLSUVULTSFKMRULFMlFUVKO[O\K]F
F
yvziF ZMmVUKUoOF{OoOSiF|VeO[\KTVeF
XIQiFvVKOm[TKOeFQ[MLO\\iFgJ[\UVmFQ[MLO\\iFf\\O\\NOVKF
}hZiFf[OTFMlFZSUOVKFgOOe\iF~OTSKkFQ[MNMKUMVFTVeF}TUVKOVTVLOF
F
HXkOFlMSSMqUVmFTLLMJVKFlM[FVOT[SsFkTSlFMlFTSSFeOTKk\FUVFUVlTVK\FsMJVmO[FKkTVFaFsOT[€FwhOSOLKFTSSF
KkTKFTRRSs]xF
H ZMVmOVUKTSFTVMNTSUO\F
‚HhJeeOVFUVlTVKFeOTKkF\sVe[MNOF
ƒH „O\RU[TKM[sFeU\K[O\\F\sVe[MNOF F
H†TLKO[UTSF\OR\U\FMlFKkOFVOqcM[VF
‡H yU\M[eO[\F[OSTKUVmFKMF\kM[KFmO\KTKUMVF
fghiFf_F†_FˆF
ZMVmOVUKTSFTVMNTSUO\_FeU\M[eO[\F[OSTKUVmFKMF\kM[KFmO\KTKUMVFTVeFJV\ROLUlUOeF{†j_FVOqcM[VF
TllOLKOeFcsFNTKO[VTSFLMNRSULTKUMV\FMlFR[OmVTVLs_FTVeF\JeeOVFUVlTVKFeOTKkF\sVe[MNO‰F
TLLMJVKOeFlM[FTcMJKFkTSlFw^Š]‹ŒxFMlFTSSFeOTKk\FMlFUVlTVK\FsMJVmO[FKkTVFaFsOT[FMSeFwZOVKO[\F
lM[FyU\OT\OFZMVK[MSFTVeFQ[OoOVKUMV_FbaŽTx]F
F
yvziF ZMmVUKUoOF{OoOSiF„ONONcO[F
XIQiFvVKOm[TKOeFQ[MLO\\iFgJ[\UVmFQ[MLO\\iFf\\O\\NOVKF
}hZiFf[OTFMlFZSUOVKFgOOe\iF~OTSKkFQ[MNMKUMVFTVeF}TUVKOVTVLOF
F
GHjkULkFcOkToUM[\FcsFKkOFVJ[\OFUVeULTKOFTFKkO[TROJKULF[OSTKUMV\kURFqUKkFLkUSe[OVFTVeFlTNUSUO\€F
whOSOLKFTSSFKkTKFTRRSs]xF
H hROVeUVmFMllpeJKsFKUNOFqUKkFLkUSe[OVFTVeFlTNUSUO\F
‚Hf\uUVmFnJO\KUMV\FUlFlTNUSUO\FT[OFVMKFRT[KULURTKUVmFUVFKkOFLT[OF
ƒH ZST[UlsUVmFUVlM[NTKUMVFlM[FlTNUSUO\F
H†JsUVmFKMs\FlM[FTFkM\RUKTSUrOeFLkUSeF
‡H {OT[VUVmFTcMJKFKkOF‘’“”•–F[OSUmUMJ\FR[OlO[OVLO\F
fghiF†_FZ_FˆF



E D9(5*

48585067950128249595*59:;<=> 819546789 ?51185@,61A<
4414021488'148729144*5 B155C

, D
0123824501
0 672895145
5157182508201251450123456789 51571825
E 



!
"
#$%&8'(
45147)2
4*+,,1-
4148./8
70+1211315
FGHIJKELMNGOIPJGEIQEQRSITINGERUNEJPOEVRUOIWIVROIJKEIJEOXNEWRUNYEWTRUIQZIJKEIJQPUSROIPJEQPUE
[\]^_^`abc\dec_`\fd^dgc\hijkckl`c[\]^_mnacf`_^g^ijacof`[`f`dp`ac\f`coia^k^q`c\pk^idac\dec[iak̀fE
OXNURVNMOIWEUNTROIPJGXIVGErIOXEWXITsUNJERJsEQRSITINGtEuVNJsIJKEPQQvsMOZEOISNErIOXEWXITsUNJE
RJsEQRSITINGERJsEwMZIJKEOPZGEQPUEREXPGVIORTIxNsEWXITsERUNEJNKROIyNERWOIPJGERJsEIJsIWRONE
PyNUIJyPTyNSNJOErIOXEWXITsUNJERJsEQRSITINGYErXIWXEIGEJPJOXNURVNMOIWtE
E
z{|}E ~PKJIOIyNENyNT}E€JsNUGORJsE
‚ƒ}E{JONKURONsEƒUPWNGG}E„MUGIJKEƒUPWNGG}EFGGNGGSNJOE
u~}EFUNREPQE~TINJOE„NNsG}EƒGZWXPGPWIRTE{JONKUIOZE
E
†‡ˆXIWXEwNXRyIPUGEwZEOXNEJMUGNEIJsIWRONEJPJvOXNURVNMOIWEUNTROIPJGXIVErIOXEWXITsUNJERJsE
QRSITING‰EŠuNTNWOERTTEOXROERVVTZt‹E
Œ‡ IGIOGEQRSITZEPJEsRZGEPQQtE
Ž‡ƒUPyIsNGEREWRTSIJKEIJQTMNJWNE
‡ ƒMUWXRGNGEWTPOXNGERJsEOPZGEQPUEOXNEWXITstE
‡~PSSMJIWROIPJEIGEPVNJERJsEOrPvrRZtE
‘‡ uOUIyNGEOPENSVPrNUEQRSITINGtE
F„u}EFYE~E
FEXPSNEWRUNEJMUGNEWRJENGORwTIGXEOXNURVNMOIWEJMUGNvQRSITZEwPMJsRUINGEwZEJNKPOIROIJKEXPMGNE
UMTNGERJsENJGMUIJKEOXROEWPSSMJIWROIPJEIGEPVNJERJsEOrPvrRZtEIGIOIJKEOXNEQRSITZEPQEPQQvsMOZE
sRZGERJsEwMZIJKEN’VNJGIyNEKIQOGEQPUEOXNEWXITsErPMTsEwNEwPMJsRUZEWUPGGIJKERJsE
JPJOXNURVNMOIWtE
E
z{|}E ~PKJIOIyNENyNT}EFJRTZxNE
‚ƒ}E{JONKURONsEƒUPWNGG}E„MUGIJKEƒUPWNGG}E“yRTMROIPJE
u~}EFUNREPQE~TINJOE„NNsG}EƒGZWXPGPWIRTE{JONKUIOZEE




D ;9(5*

48585067950128249595*59:;<=> 819546789 ?51185@,61A<
4414021488'148729144*5 B155C

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller LECTGRADER. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for $15.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

50064 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now

Start selling
$15.49
  • (0)
Add to cart
Added