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HESI FOCUS ON ADULT HEALTH EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH RATIONALE 100 % PASS SOLUTION A+ GRADE
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HESI FOCUS ON ADULT HEALTH EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH RATIONALE 100 % PASS SOLUTION A+ GRADE
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HESI FOCUS ON ADULT HEALTH EXAM 2024-2025 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERSWITH RATIONALE 100 % PASS SOLUTION A+ GRADE
. A client arrives in the emergency department after sustaining a chemical splashto the eye.
The nurse immediately flushes the eye with copious amounts of normal saline solution for 15
minutes and then tests the pH of eye, using litmuspaper. The nurse should continue the saline flushes
until the pH test reads:
A. 7.28
B. 7.30
C. 7.40 Correct
D. 7.50
. Rationale: First aid after a chemical burn to the eye consists of irrigation of the eye with
copious amounts of tap water for at least 5 minutes. As soon as the initial irrigation is complete,
the victim should be rushed to the nearest medical facility. On arrival, eye irrigation should be
resumed with water or normal saline for 15 to 20 minutes or until all invasive material is gone and
litmus paper reveals a pH of about 7.40. A quick test with litmus can be performed before, during,
and after irrigations to determine the pH and to ascertain whether the substance was acid or
alkaline. The normal body pH is 7.40.
. Test-Taking Strategy: Knowledge that the normal body pH is 7.40 will direct youto the
correct option. pH values of 7.28 and 7.30 indicate acidic condition, whereas 7.50 indicates an
alkaline condition. Review care of the client who hassustained a chemical splash to the eye if you
had difficulty with this question.
. Level of Cognitive Ability: Analyzing
. Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
. Integrated Process: Nursing Process/Implementation
. Content Area: Critical Care
. Giddens Concepts: Clinical Judgment, Tissue Integrity
. HESI Concepts: Clinical Decision-Making/Clinical Judgment, Tissue Integrity
. Reference: Hammond, B., & Zimmermann, P. (2013) Sheehy’s Manual of Emergency Care
(7th ed., p. 288). St. Louis: Elsevier.
,. American Family Physician , Ocular Emergencies.
http://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/0915/p829.html
. Awarded 1.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
. A nurse educator conducts an informational session for emergency department nurses about
smallpox. Which statements by the nurse educator are correct?
Select all that apply.
A. Smallpox is transmitted by way of the enteric route.
B. Ealy clinical manifestations include influenza-like symptoms.
Correct
C. Vacinating within 3 days of exposure lowers the risk of active disease. Correct
D. Th infected person is infectious from the onset of the rash until the scabs
separate. Correct
E. A difuse red rash noted over the entire body is the first manifestation of the
infection.
F. Airbrne precautions are not necessary if the nurse has received the smallpox vaccine.
. Rationale: Clinical manifestations of smallpox include sudden onset of
influenza-like symptoms, including fever, malaise, headache, prostration, severe back pain, and,
less often, abdominal pain and vomiting. Two to 3 days later, the temperature falls and the client
feels somewhat better, at which time the characteristic rash appears, first on the face, hands, and
forearms and then, after a few days, on the trunk. Lesions also develop in the mucous membranes
of the nose and mouth and ulcerate very soon after their formation, releasing large amounts of
virus into the mouth and throat. Smallpox is transmitted from person to person in infected
aerosols and air droplets, especially if the symptoms include coughing. A person is considered
infectious at the onset of the rash and until the rash scabs over, which is approximately 3 weeks.
Airborne precautions are required even if the nurse has been vaccinated against smallpox, because
the vaccine does not give reliable lifelong immunity.Those vaccinated within 2 or 3 days of
exposure have a lesser risk of active disease.
. Test-Taking Strategy: Specific knowledge regarding the characteristics of smallpox is
required to answer the question. Recalling its manifestations, the appearance of the rash, and the
,mode of transmission will help you answer correctly. Review the characteristics of smallpox
infection if you had difficulty with this question.
. Level of Cognitive Ability: Analyzing
. Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
. Integrated Process: Teaching and Learning
. Content Area: Biological/Chemical Warfare
. Giddens Concepts: Client Education, Infection
. HESI Concepts: Infection, Teaching and Learning/Patient Education
. Reference: Ignatavicius, D., & Workman, M. (2013). Medical-surgical nursing: Patient-
centered collaborative care. (7th ed., p. 448). St. Louis: Saunders.
. Awarded 3.0 points out of 3.0 possible points.
. 15.ID: 9477060285
. A nurse educator conducts an informational session for hospital nurses about skin anthrax. Which
statements by the nurse educator are correct? Select all that apply.
A. Skin anthrax can lead to septicemia if it goes untreated. Correct
B. Symptoms may appear as soon as 24 hours after exposure.
Correct
C. This type of anthrax results from the inhalation of spores.
D. Contact precautions are not always necessary with skin anthrax.
Correct
E. Early clinical manifestations include mild upper respiratory symptoms.
. Rationale: Skin anthrax is transmitted through direct contact when spores from
contaminated products enter the skin through cuts or abrasions. Person-to- person spread does
not occur; therefore, contact precautions may not always be necessary. Symptoms may appear as
early as 24 hours or as long as up to 7days after exposure. Antibiotic treatment cures the skin
infection, but, left untreated, skin anthrax results in overwhelming septicemia and death.
, Inhalation anthrax, transmitted through the inhalation of spores, begins withmild, nonspecific
upper respiratory and flulike symptoms, including fever, muscle aches, and fatigue.
. n
inhalation anthrax. Review the characteristics of skin anthrax if you haddifficulty with this
question.
. Level of Cognitive Ability: Analyzing
. Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
. Integrated Process: Teaching and Learning
. Content Area: Biological/Chemical Warfare
. Giddens Concepts: Infection, Safety
. HESI Concepts: Infection, Safety
. Reference: Ignatavicius, D., & Workman, M. (2013). Medical-surgical nursing: Patient-
centered collaborative care. (7th ed., p. 448). St. Louis: Saunders.
. ~ Rationale: Skin anthrax is transmitted through direct contact when spores from
contaminated products enter the skin through cuts or abrasions. Person- to- person spread does
not occur; therefore, contact precautions may not alwaysbe necessary. Symptoms may appear as
early as 24 hours or as long as up to 7days after exposure. Antibiotic treatment cures the skin
infection, but, left untreated, skin anthrax results in overwhelming septicemia and death.
Inhalation anthrax, transmitted through the inhalation of spores, begins withmild, nonspecific
upper respiratory and flulike symptoms, including fever, muscle aches, and fatigue.
. Test-Taking Strategy: Use the process of elimination and focus on the subject,
skin anthrax. Eliminate the options that are comparable or alike in that they apply to inhalation
anthrax. Review the characteristics of skin anthrax if you had difficulty with this question.
. Level of Cognitive Ability: Analyzing
. Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
. Integrated Process: Teaching and Learning
. Content Area: Biological/Chemical Warfare
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