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Anatomy NBME Exam 2024 | NBME Exam Update Latest 2024 Questions and Correct Answers Rated +
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Anatomy NBME Exam 2024 | NBMEExam Update Latest 2024 Questions and
Correct Answers Rated +
A homeless man has a 3-month history of decreased a-peptide,
generalized wasting, low grade fever , worsening cough productive of
blood, mucopurulent sputum. He has a 3-year history of alcohol
abuse. Xray films of the chest show consolidation and cavitary lesions
in the apices of the lungs. Which of the following is most likely
inflammatory and/or immune response in the lung?
A. Endothelial cell proliferation, vascular budding, fibroblasts
B. Epithelioid cells, multinucleate giant cells, caseation necrosis
C. Fibroblasts, collagen deposition, replacement of intrinsic tissue
D. Macrophages, lymphocytes, hypergammaglobulinemia
E. Neutrophils, vascular congestion, exudate -ANSWER-B. Epithelioid
cells, multinucleate giant cells, caseation necrosis
82 year old man comes to the physician for evaluation of chest pain.
He lives with his daughters family. He has numerous welts and
abrasions and appears to be malnourished. He says his diet is fine.
Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in patient
care?
A. confront his family about the abuse
B. enroll the family in family counseling
C. notify social services of potential abuse
D. place him in a nursing home
E. refer him to a residential community -ANSWER-C. notify social
services of potential abuse
,67 year old woman has the sudden onset of dyspnea and chest pain
and dies within minutes. Stage IV ovarian cancer was diagnosed 1
year ago, and she has been bedridden for 2 months. Which of the
following is most likely to be found on autopsy?
A. Acute myocardial infarction
B. Deep venous thrombosis
C. Dissecting aortic aneurysm
D. Renal papillary necrosis
E. Rupttured berry aneurysm -ANSWER-B. Deep venous thrombosis
45 year old man has a 6-month history of burning pain that begins in
the epigastric area and ascends into the chest. Episodes occur most
frequently after large meals and at night. Endoscopic examination
shows moderately severe inflammation in the distal 3cm of the
esophagus. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this
condition?
A. Diffuse spasm of the esophageal musculature
B. Failure of the lower sphincter to relax after a swallow
C. Helicobacter pylori infection
D. Hypersection of gastric acid
E. Inappropriate relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter -
ANSWER-E. Inappropriate relaxation of the lower esophageal
sphincter
45- year old woman has an acute coronary occlusion. Within seconds,
the ischemic region shows mitochondrial swelling and depletion of
glycogen granules. Which of the following metabolic events is most
likely cause of these cellular changes?
A. Accumulation of free fatty acids
B. ATP depletion
C. Degradation of membrane phospholipid
D. Efflux of K+
,E. Influx of Na+ -ANSWER-C. Degradation of membrane phospholipid
65-year old man dies of bronchopneumonia. He has a 6-year history
of progressive loss of facial expression, tremors, rigidity, and slowing
of voluntary movement. At autopsy, loss of pigmented cells is noted in
the substantial nigra. Which of the following additional abnormalities is
most likely to be present?
A. Eosinophilic inclusions in neurons of the substantial nigra
B. Loss of neurons in the caudate nuclei
C. Microglial nodules and multinucleated giant cells in the white matter
D. Neurofibrillary tangles in the cortical neurons
E. Viral inclusions in the oligodendrocytes -ANSWER-A. Eosinophilic
inclusions in neurons of the substantial nigra
50 year old man has a 10-year history of poorly controlled
hypertension. Vital signs are:
Pulse 96/min
Respirations 16/min
Bp of left arm 226/120 mmHg
Bp of right arm 218/118mmHg
With the patient in the left lateral decubitus position, a late diastolic
sound is heard best with the bell at the apex. Which of the following is
the most likely explanation for this auscultatory finding?
A. Aortic insufficiency
B. Aortic stenosis
C. Mitral insufficiency
D. Mitral stenosis
E. Opening snap
F. Pulmonic insufficiency
G. Pulmonic stenosis
, H.S3
I.S4
J. Tricuspid insufficiency -ANSWER-I.S4
in gout, hyperuricemia resulting from overproduction of urate is most
likely to result from a lack of feedback inhibition by ADP or GDP at
which enzyme?
A. Adenosine deaminase
B. Dihydrofolate reductase
C. Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase
D. Nucleotide phosphorylase
E. Phosphoribosylprophosphate synthetase -ANSWER-E.
Phosphoribosylprophosphate synthetase
a female neonate has profound hypotonia. the only known
complication of pregnancy was polyhydramnios. The mother has a
lack of facial expression and weak muscles; she says she did not
have any problems as an infant or child. Which of the following best
explains the difference in presentations in the mother and child?
A. Anticipation
B. Delayed onset
C. Genetic heterogeneity
D. Incomplete penetrance
E. Pleiotropy -ANSWER-A. Anticipation
An alcohol-dependent 40 year old woman who is a health-care worker
has had episodic symptoms of hypoglycemia for the past year. During
one of these episodes, plasma glucose concentration is decreased,
plasma insulin concentration is increased, and serum C-peptide
concentration is not detectable. Which of the following is the most
likely cause of the hypoglycemia?
A. acute hepatic failure
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