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RNC NIC REVIEW BY ME/MATERNAL HX & RISK FACTORS
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RNC NIC REVIEW BY ME/MATERNALHX & RISK FACTORS
Infants born to mothers who do not receive prenatal care are more likely to have
what? - ANSWER Prematurity
Low birth weight.
Maternal iron deficiency anemia.
Neonatal mortality
Explain in five steps why an IDM manifests with hypoglycemia at birth. -
ANSWER 1. Glucose enters the placenta while insulin does not.
2. When Mom has increased insulin, so does the fetus.
3. The fetus manufactures insulin beginning at 20 weeks of gestation.
4. After 20 weeks, the fetus secretes a high quantity of insulin in ANSWER to
hyperglycemia.
5. HYPOglycemia is caused by the sudden withdrawal of glucose from the body
before delivery, combined with excessive insulin synthesis.
When does the fetus begin generating insulin? At 20 weeks gestation.
Why is IDM typically LGA? - ANSWER The combination of increased
maternal glucose and elevated fetal insulin leads to fast growth.
6 Indications for routine blood glucose monitoring in the neonate: ANSWER 1.
Prematurity
2. IUGR
, 3. Sepsis.
4. Hypothermia.
5. Congenital Cardiac Malformation.
6. Endocrine Disorder.
IDM frequently presents with these eight issues. - ANSWER 1. Birth trauma
caused by LGA.
2. Hypoglycemia.
3. RDS, as high insulin levels impede surfactant synthesis.
4. Polycythemia: Because high insulin and glucose increase metabolic rate and
oxygen demand, the newborn creates more RBCs to compensate.
5. Iron deficiency resulting from polycythemia
6. Hyperbili due to accelerated RBC destruction upon delivery.
7. Congenital malformations
8. Electrolyte imbalances (low ca, mg)
What is oligohydramnios? - ANSWER Reduced quantity of amniotic fluid
How is amniotic fluid produced? After 20 weeks, the fluid is primarily
produced by the fetus's voided pee.
What use does amniotic fluid serve? - ANSWER Cushion and lung
development.
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