Nurs 299 Exam 2 Questions And
Answers
Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2015-2020 - ANS -Healthy eating patterns (variety of
nutrient density and the amount)
- Limit calories from added sugars and saturated fats and reduces sodium intakes.
-less processed foods
5 Major Guidelines for Americans 2015-2020 - ANS 1) Follow a healthy eating pattern
across the lifespan
2) Focus on variety, nutrient density, and amount
3) Limit calories from added sugars and saturated fats and reduce sodium intake
4) Shift to healthier food and beverage choices
5) Support healthy eating patterns for all
· Diet and cancer prevention - ANS -Eat 2.5 cups veggies and 2 cups fruits
-leafy greens, legumes, fruits, veggies, lots of folate
-Limit amounts of red meat, whole-fat dairy, high fat (one-third plate)
-Balance calorie intake and exercise
-Limit alcohol
-eat whole grains
-prepare food in healthy ways
· Top cancer causing foods - ANS -Processed meats, cookies, hot dogs, French fries,
doughnuts, crackers, chips, bacon
· Top anti cancer foods - ANS -Leafy veggies, cauliflower, turmeric, soursop, broccoli, noni,
tomatoes, garlic
· Type-2 diabetes risk factors & exercise - ANS -minority and elderly affected
disproportionally
-dietary fat intake
-Obesity, hypertension, alcoholism
-exercise daily to minimize sugar levels in diet (increase insulin sensitivity, burning carbs,
improve glycemic control)
-family history matters
, SNAP - ANS Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program: food stamps monthly to help low
income families by nutritious food
WIC - ANS PREGNANT Women, infant, children: nutrition education to low income
pregnant/ post-partum women and children under 5. Outcomes: Medicaid costs, longer
gestation, higher birth weights, lower infant mortality rates
NSLP - ANS National School Lunch Program: help schools provide balanced, low-cost/
free lunches
· Obesity in children and trends - ANS -1/3 children are obese, and 2/3 adults are obese.
-Obese BMI is 30 or higher
-Current generation of children may be less healthy and have shorter lives
-due to high calorie food and lack of exercise (electronic use)
· Heart disease and diet - ANS -goal is to prevent HD
-balanced diet with fruit, veggies, grains
-limit high calorie foods, tans-fat, alcohol
-limit sodium and increase potassium, calcium, and magnesium
-Whole grains reduce risk of heart disease.
-reduce saturated fats
Stages of change - ANS -Pre-contemplative (not considering change)
-Contemplative (aware but not considering change soon)
-Preparational (planning to change)
-Action (has begun to make behavioral change)
-Maintenance (continued commitment to behavior- long term)
-Relapse (reverted to old behavior)
LEARN - ANS -listen, empathize, apologize, react, notify
Exercise changes - ANS -Build a rhythm of physical activity (build a habit)
-Create a supportive environment- health care professionals should recognize stages of change
-Make sure the client is ready to change and build their plan with them
-Incorporate rewards
· Exercise and adherence - ANS -behavior change enhanced by finding meaning and
purpose in active lifestyle
-Biopsychosocial and spiritual variables important
-exercise helps with aging, obesity, hypertension, osteoporosis, arthritis, immune function,
mental health
· Indicators of nutrition-related health - ANS -overweight
-high serum cholesterol
