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2024 NURSING 22 ONCOLOGY CHEMOTHERAPY EXAM 1 WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 NURSING 22 ONCOLOGY CHEMOTHERAPY EXAM 1 WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 NURSING 22 ONCOLOGYCHEMOTHERAPY EXAM 1 WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
Chemotherapy - CORRECT-ANSWERSThis type of cancer treatment is trained
to recognize rapidly dividing cells. (This includes hair follicles and GI cells,
which are also rapidly dividing.) It is systemic and effects all body tissues. It
can kill metastatic cells.
Risk for Infection - CORRECT-ANSWERSThis is the PRIMARY risk for patients
on chemotherapy.
Reasons for using Chemotherapy - CORRECT-ANSWERSThese include:
- A Cure
- Increased Survival Time
- Decreased life threatening complications
Antiemetics - CORRECT-ANSWERSExamples of these include: Reglan,
Compazine, and Zofran.
Non-Pharmacological Anti-Nausea Treatments - CORRECT-ANSWERSHere, try
to distract the patient: use music, tv, convo, guided imagery or massage.
Side Effects of Chemotherapy: Mucositis/Stomatitis - CORRECT-ANSWERSThis
is a side effect of chemotherapy that causes sores on the mucus membrane,
due to the rapid uptake of chemotherapy.
Stomatitis/Mucositis Treatment - CORRECT-ANSWERSWith this, assess every
4 hours. Have the patient use a soft bristle toothbrush, disposable gauze -
several times daily.
- For Pain Relief
* Hurricane - swish and spit (lidocaine based)
* Nistatin - swish and swallow for fungal
Avoid spicy foods, citrus, hard foods.
Give ice chips and popsicles
Side Effects of Chemotherapy: Bone Marrow Supression - CORRECT-
ANSWERSThis is the most life threatening effect of chemotherapy.
This can cause:
, - Leukopenia
- Anemia
- Thrombcytopenia
- Pancytopenia
Leukopenia - CORRECT-ANSWERSThis occurs in Bone Marrow Suppression,
resulting in a decrease in WBC, and decreased Neutrophils. With this,
infection is a major concern, as well as sepsis (band shift to the left)
The Treatment For Leukopenia - CORRECT-ANSWERSThis is Neuprogen
(Filgrastim) It has a side effect of chills or fever. If this occurs, give the
patient Tylenol.
Nursing Care for the Immuno-suppressed Patient - CORRECT-ANSWERSHere,
give the patient a private room. If the WBC count is below 1000, establish
reverse isolation. Limit the number of people entering the room. No flowers
or plants.
Prevention of Infection in the Immuno-suppressed patient - CORRECT-
ANSWERSHere, even if the WBCs are back to normal - the cells are immature
and can't fight infection.
Avoid crowds
Hand washing
Clean toothbrush inside the dish washer.
Don't change a litter box.
Record temperature daily and report any temperature above 100, any
persistent cough, any drainage from an open area, and any foul smelling
urine.
Anemia - CORRECT-ANSWERSThis occurs in bone marrow supression where a
patients RBC, Hgb, and Hct are decreased. With this, you are worried about
Hypoxia.
- Patient will be weak, cold, pale, with an increased RR
The Treatment for Anemia - CORRECT-ANSWERSThis is Epogen/Procrit. Side
effects of this include joint pain, fever, headache, myalgia, and seizures.
Nursing care for the Anemic Patient - CORRECT-ANSWERSWith this, the
patient needs adequate rest periods.
- Vital signs need to be done
- You must monitor labs
- Call the MD if the Oxygen saturation is low.
Thrombocytopenia - CORRECT-ANSWERSThis occurs in bone marrow
suppression, where the patients platelets are decreased. Here, you are
concerned with bleeding and a risk for injury.
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