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2024 CARE OF PATIENTS WITH CANCER NCLEX CHAPTER 22 EXAM WITH ANSWERS
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2024 CARE OF PATIENTS WITH CANCER NCLEX CHAPTER 22 EXAM WITH ANSWERS
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2024 CARE OF PATIENTS WITHCANCER NCLEX CHAPTER 22 EXAM
WITH ANSWERS
Which potential side effects does the nurse include in the teaching plan for a
client undergoing radiation therapy for laryngeal cancer? (Select all that
apply.)
A Fatigue
B Changes in color of hair
C Change in taste
D Changes in skin of the neck
E Difficulty swallowing - CORRECT-ANSWERSANS: A, C, D, E
Radiation therapy to any site produces fatigue in most clients, and may
cause clients to report changes in taste. Radiation side effects are site-
specific; the larynx is in the neck, so changes in the skin of the neck may
occur. Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) may occur from radiation to the
throat area. Chemotherapy, which causes alopecia, may cause changes in
the color or texture of hair; this does not normally occur with radiation
therapy.
When caring for the client receiving cancer chemotherapy, which signs or
symptoms related to thrombocytopenia should the nurse report to the health
care provider? (Select all that apply.)
A Bruises
B Fever
C Petechiae
D Epistaxis
E Pallor - CORRECT-ANSWERSANS: A, C, D
Bruising, petechiae, and epistaxis (nosebleeds) are symptoms of a low
platelet count. Fever is a sign of infection secondary to neutropenia. Pallor is
a sign of anemia.
When monitoring a client with suspected syndrome of inappropriate
antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), the nurse reviews the client's medical record,
which contains the following information. The nurse notifies the health care
provider for which signs and symptoms consistent with this syndrome?
(Select all that apply.)
Physical Assessment Findings:
Neuro: Episodes of confusion
Cardiac: Pulse 88 and regular
, Musculoskeletal: Weakness, tremors
Diagnostic Findings :
Na: 115
K: 4.2
Creatinine: 0.8
Medications
ondansetron (Zofran)
cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)
A Hyponatremia
B Mental status changes
C Azotemia
D Bradycardia
E Weakness - CORRECT-ANSWERSANS: A, B, E
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is secreted or produced ectopically, resulting in
water retention and sodium dilution. Dilutional hyponatremia results from
ADH secretion, causing confusion and changes in mental status. Weakness
results from hyponatremia. Azotemia refers to buildup of nitrogenous waste
products in the blood, typically from renal damage. Bradycardia is not part of
the constellation of symptoms related to SIADH; tachycardia may result from
fluid volume excess.
Awarded 0.0 points out of 1.0 possible points.
When caring for a client who has had a colostomy created during treatment
for colon cancer, which nursing actions help support the client in accepting
changes in appearance or function? (Select all that apply.)
A Explain to the client that the colostomy is only temporary.
B Encourage the client to participate in changing the ostomy
C Obtain a psychiatric consultation.
D Offer to have a person who is coping with a colostomy visit.
E Encourage the client and family members to express their feelings and
concerns. - CORRECT-ANSWERSANS: B, D, E
Encouraging the client to participate in changing the ostomy is an
appropriate way for the client to become familiar with the ostomy and its
care. A visit from a person who is successfully coping with an ostomy can
demonstrate to the client that many aspects of life can be the same after
surgery. Offering to listen to feelings and concerns is part of a therapeutic
relationship and therapeutic communication. Ostomies may be temporary for
bowel rest, such as after a perforation, but are typically permanent for
cancer treatment. Obtaining a psychiatric consultation may need to be done
for clients with persistent depression, but would not be done immediately.
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