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Biology 1305 ch6- with 100- correct answers(100- accuracy).
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Biology 1305 ch6- with 100- correct answers(100- accuracy).
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Biology 1305 ch6- with 100%correct answers(100% accuracy)
During aerobic respiration, the last carrier protein transfers a pair of
electrons to: - answer Oxygen
The branch of chemistry that studies ___ changes is called
thermodynamics. - answer Energy
Work in the cell or in the physical world can only be done with expenditure
of ____; it is defined as the capacity to do work. - answer Energy
The energy that flows through most biological systems on Earth ultimately
comes from what source? - answer The Sun
What describes how energy is used in chemical reactions? - answer
Energy stored in certain chemical bonds can be used to make new bonds.
All activities of living organisms involve changes in ____, which is the
ability to do work. - answer Energy
What is the branch of chemistry concerned with energy changes? - answer
Thermodynamics
Heat is a form of _____ energy, because it reflects the random motion of
molecules. - answer Kinetic energy
What is the term for the ability to do work? - answer Energy
What is another way to state the second law of thermodynamics? - answer
Entropy increases
,With very few exceptions, all energy that enters biological systems
ultimately comes from ____. - answer The Sun
____ stored in the chemical bonds of a molecule can be used to make new
bonds in a different molecule. - answer Energy
The energy available to do work in a system is called ____ energy. - answer
Free
All living things require what in order to carry out chemical reactions and
thereby survive? - answer Energy
Heat is a measure of the ____(motion) of molecules. - answer Random
Endergonic reactions are not ____.
Endergonic reactions have a ____ change in free energy.
The products have a higher ____ energy than the reactants. - answer
Spontaneous, Positive, Free
According to the second law of thermodynamics, ____ increases when
energy is transferred from one form to another and some energy is lost as
heat in the process. - answer Entropy, disorder
A reaction is said to be ___ when it releases excess free energy and tends
to proceed spontaneously. - answer Exergonic
The energy that flows through most biological systems on Earth ultimately
comes from which source? - answer The Sun
____ energy is the energy required to destabilize existing chemical bonds
and initiate a chemical reaction. - answer Activation
What is the term used to describe the energy of a system that is available
to do work? - answer Free energy
,Any agent that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction without being
permanently changed or consumed by it is known as a(n) - answer
Catalyst
All activities of living organisms involve changes in ___, which is the ability
to do work. - answer Energy
All cells use a molecule called ___ to carry and release energy cyclically. -
answer ATP
A reaction that requires an input of energy is said to be a(n) ____ reaction.
- answer Endergonic
Hydrolysis of which covalent bonds in ATP releases a considerable amount
of energy? - answer Phosphate-phosphate bond
What type of reaction or process releases free energy? - answer
Exergonic
Cells use ___ hydrolysis to drive endergonic reactions. - answer ATP
In order to be initiated, all chemical reactions, even exergonic ones, need
______. - answer Activation energy
The two main steps in the ATP cycle are the synthesis of ATP from ____ and
Pi, and the subsequent hydrolysis of ATP, which releases ___ that drives
endergonic reactions. - answer ADP, energy
The process of influencing chemical bonds to lower the activation energy
of a reaction is called ______. - answer Catalysis
What are enzymes? - answer Proteins or RNA molecules that act as
catalysts.
, What molecule is a common energy source for living organisms? - answer
ATP
What is a substrate? - answer A reactant molecule that forms a
temporary association with an enzyme before being converted to a
product
Is any energy released during ATP hydrolysis and if so, how much? -
answer Yes, a considerable amount of energy is released.
When two reactions are coupled in a cell, what determines if they will both
proceed spontaneously? - answer The sum of ΔG of the two coupled
reactions (the overall ΔG) should be negative.
What describes the active site of an enzyme? - answer It is the part of
the enzyme where the substrate fits.
When a person is in a state of fear, the hormone epinephrine is released.
This hormone stimulates the activation of energy-generating catabolic
pathways in order to provide the body with enough energy to respond to
the element that is inducing the fear. How would that be helpful to a
person who unexpectedly finds themselves in close proximity to a lion? -
answer Activation of catabolic pathways would generate ATP. Breaking
the bonds that connect one phosphate group to another in ATP could
release energy that would allow that person to run and possibly escape
the lion.
Match the event to the proper
Law of Thermodynamics
Your glass of water falls off of the table spontaneously and breaks into
many pieces - answer 2nd Law of Thermodynamics
Match the event to the proper
Law of Thermodynamics
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