100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
MCB*2050 Final Exam Key Terms with Complete Solutions $12.49   Add to cart

Exam (elaborations)

MCB*2050 Final Exam Key Terms with Complete Solutions

 1 view  0 purchase
  • Course
  • MCB 2050
  • Institution
  • MCB 2050

MCB*2050 Final Exam Key Terms with Complete Solutions Nucleus - Control center of the cell. Contains DNA. Largest organelle. Responsible for 1) compartmentalizations of the cellular genome and its activities and 2) coordination of cellular activities Nucleoplasm - Fluid-filled interior of the ...

[Show more]

Preview 4 out of 60  pages

  • October 12, 2024
  • 60
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • MCB 2050
  • MCB 2050
avatar-seller
JOSHCLAY
©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.

MCB*2050 Final Exam Key Terms with

Complete Solutions


Nucleus - ✔✔Control center of the cell. Contains DNA. Largest

organelle. Responsible for 1) compartmentalizations of the cellular genome

and its activities and 2) coordination of cellular activities

Nucleoplasm - ✔✔Fluid-filled interior of the nucleus - highly organized.

Consists of >30 specialized regions ('subdomains') that participate in

specific functions

Nucleoid - ✔✔Prokaryotes possess this region where the chromosome is

located. There's less DNA, less DNA packaging and little/no RNA

processing.

Nucleolus - ✔✔Most obvious nuclear subdomain. Irregular shape, dense

and granular in appearance. Functions in producing ribosomes. Site of

ribosomal DNA (rDNA) gene transcription, RNA processing, and initial

stages of ribosomal subunit (rRNA + protein) assembly

, ©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.

Transcription factories - ✔✔Active genes (euchromatin) from different

subdomains/regions of the same chromosome extend into

interchromosomal channels to form this. This is where transcription factors

are concentrated.

Interchromosomal channel - ✔✔Regions between subdomains that

serve as barriers to prevent unwanted DNA-DNA and/or DNA/protein

interactions

Nuclear speckle - ✔✔Subdomains where mRNA splicing factors are

concentrated (where pre-mRNA processing occurs). They appear as

speckles under fluorescent microscopy. Often located in interchromosomal

channels next to transcription factors. Numerous and highly dynamic. >50

in number. Can move quickly and grow/shrink depending on the needs of

the cell

Nuclear matrix - ✔✔Insoluble fibrillar-like protein network ('mesh')

distributed throughout the nucleoplasm. Analogous to the cytoskeleton

network in the cytoplasm. Has a structural role: maintains the overall shape

of the nucleus. Serves as a scaffold - responsible for organizing nuclear

subdomains and anchoring protein factors. Very little known about its

composition and assembly/disassembly.

, ©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.

Cytoskeleton network - ✔✔Located in the cytoplasm. Analogous to the

nuclear matrix. Composed of three major filament systems: microtubules,

actin microfilaments, and intermediate filaments.

Nuclear envelope - ✔✔Separates nuclear contents from the surrounding

cytoplasm. Acts as a barrier - requires the regulated passage of molecules

(e.g. RNA and proteins) between the nucleus and cytoplasm. Establishes

the unique composition of the nucleus and spatially regulates gene

expression. Provides the structural framework for the nucleus. Sandwiched

between the inner and outer membrane. Composed of three main parts:

nuclear membranes, nuclear lamina, nuclear pore complex.

Inner nuclear membrane - ✔✔Unique protein composition. One of the

concentric membranes (phospholipid bilayers). Directly beside the nuclear

envelope. Joins other membrane at nuclear pore complex. Sits in parallel to

the other membrane. Serves as a barrier to the passage of ions, solutes,

and macromolecules between the nucleoplasm and cytoplasm.

Outer nuclear membrane - ✔✔Continuous with RER. Ribosomes

attached to cytoplasmic surface of it. One of the concentric membranes

(phospholipid bilayers). Directly beside the nuclear envelope. Joins other

membrane at nuclear pore complex. Sits in parallel to the other membrane.

, ©JOSHCLAY 2024/2025. YEAR PUBLISHED 2024.

Serves as a barrier to the passage of ions, solutes, and macromolecules

between the nucleoplasm and cytoplasm

Nuclear envelope lumen - ✔✔Separates the inner and outer membrane.

10-50 nm diameter. Continuous with the ER lumen.

Nuclear lamina - ✔✔Located on the inner surface of the nuclear inner

membrane. Network ('mesh') of long, filament-like proteins. Provides

mechanical support to nuclear envelope (binds to nuclear inner membrane

integral proteins). Serves as a scaffold for attachment of chromatin and

nuclear matrix to the nuclear envelope.

ABC nuclear lamins - ✔✔Evolutionary related to proteins that form

intermediate filaments in the cytoskeleton network.

Nuclear pore complex (NPC) - ✔✔Channels/doorways in the nuclear

envelope. Responsible for the regulated trafficking of all

substances between the nucleus and cytoplasm. Allows trafficking of small,

polar molecules, RNAs, and proteins. Typically 3000-4000 per nucleus (the

number is related to nuclear activity). Large highly complex structure (~30X

> ribosome). Structure is an 8-fold symmetrical structure organized around

a large, central aqueous channel. Size exclusion limit - molecules >40 kDa

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller JOSHCLAY. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for $12.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

81849 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now

Start selling
$12.49
  • (0)
  Add to cart