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ABQAURP EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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ABQAURP EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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ABQAURP EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERSWho initially decided quality should be measured - Answers-Abraham Flexner
Lead the founding of the Joint Commission - Answers-E.A. Codman
Brought modern quality assurance techniques to moder medicine - Answers-Avedis
Donabedian
Named the PDCA cycle - Answers-W. Edwards Deming
Developed the PDCA cycle - Answers-Walter Shewhart
Deming's seven diseases - Answers-1.) Lack of consistency of purpose
2.) Emphasis on short-term profits
3.) Evaluation of performance, merit rating or annual review
4.) Mobility of management (job hopping)
5.) management by use of "visible figures", with no consideration of unknowns or
unknowables
6.) Excessive medical costs
7.) Excessive liability costs
Deming's 14 points for management - Answers-1.) Create constancy of purpose toward
improvement of product and service, with the aim to become competitive, stay in
business and provide jobs.
2.) Adopt the new philosophy. Management must take on leadership for change.
3.) Cease dependence on inspection to achieve quality. Build quality into the product in
the first place.
4.) Move toward a single supplier for any one item, creating a long-term relationship of
loyalty and trust.
5.) Improve constantly and forever the system of production and service.
6.) Institute training on the job.
7.) Institute leadership. Supervision should aim to help people do a better job.
8.) Drive out fear so that everyone may work effectively.
9.) Break down barriers between departments.
10.) Eliminate slogans, exhortations and targets for the work force.
11.) Recognize that the cause of low quality and low productivity belongs to the system,
and thus lies beyond the power of the work force.
a. Eliminate quotas and substitute leadership.
b. Eliminate management by objective. Substitute leadership.
12.) Remove barriers to pride-of-workmanship.
13.) Institute a vigorous program of education and self-improvement.
14.) Put everyone to work to accomplish transformation.
, Deming's "Special Cause" - Answers-Unpredicted action on a system such as an
increased length of patient stay due to injuries sustained when hospital's roof collapses.
"Blips" on a control chart characterize these special causes
Deming's "Common Causes" - Answers-Day-to-day variations in a system
SPC charts are used to .... - Answers--Display data over time
-Picture trends over time
-Display upper and lower statistical limits
They help differentiate between special cause and common cause. Common cause
usually stay within the standard deviation lines. Special causes usually fall outside
What is LEAN? - Answers-Approach developed in Japan focused on analysis of
processes that produce outcomes and eliminating steps that do not "add value"
What is Six Sigma? - Answers-Quality approach that uses data-driven information to
"eliminate defects", focusing not only on improvement no process flow but in reducing
process variation to achieve six standard deviations between the mean and the nearest
specification limit.
What is LEAN Six Sigma? - Answers-Consists of five basic phases:
Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control (aka follow-up). DMAIC
What should you think when you here terms "should, could, or would"? - Answers-So
what? These terms are usually indications that the process may be getting off track.
These words often divert attention from the actual issues because they address
expected performance rather than the reality of the situation.
What was the first mainstream article arguing for a systems approach to safety? -
Answers-"Error in Medicine" by Lucien Leape in JAMA, December 1994
Who said "Physicians and Nurses must accept the notion that error is an inevitable
accompaniment of the human condition, even among conscientious professionals with
high standards. ERRORS MUST BE ACCEPTED AS EVIDENCE OF SYSTEM FLAWS
NOT CHARACTER FLAWS. Until and UNLESS that happens, it is unlikely that any
substantial progress will be made in reducing medical errors. - Answers-Lucien Leap
What are the "two stories" in the aftermath of a medical accident? - Answers-The first is
about the immediate details-who, what, when, where, why-and often focus on the
human error committed. Media coverage of "celebrated accidents" tends to focus on
telling the first story in simple and sensational detail.
The second story develops when investigation of the accident digs deeper into root
causes, which may reveal contributory conditions and decisions far removed from the
actual time and place of the event. Second stories promote understanding of the
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