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BMS 108 Final Exam Latest Update
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BMS 108 Final Exam LatestUpdate
Functions of the lymphatic system - Answer collect and transport ISF
restore blood volume
maintain volume and Bp relationships in the ISF
filter lymph
produce and store WBC
absorb lipids and fat in intestines
Lymphatic Structures - Answer 1. Lymphatic Capillaries
2. Lymphatic Vessels
3. Lymph Nodes
4. Lymph Ducts
Lymphatic Capillaries - Answer units of collection
-simple diffusion using a concentration gradient
simple squamous epithelium
-"blind tubes" non continuous
what is one exception in body with no basement membrane? - Answer Lymphatic
Capillaries
Lymph Vessels - Answer larger thicker vessels with continuous walls
-valves made from endothelial folds
Afferent and Efferent Lymphatics - Answer depends on nodes
Lymph Nodes - Answer Occur in chains or groups
functions: produce agranulocytes, filtration, macrophage activity
Lymph Ducts - Answer Right Lymph duct and thoracic duct
Right lymphatic duct drains - Answer Right arm
Right face and head
,Right thorax
Thoracic Duct drains - Answer everything else
duct pathway - Answer subclavian veins--> brachiocephalic veins--> SVC--> R atrium-->
general circulation
Distribution of fluids is a result of two opposing forces - Answer HP-pushing pressure,
pushes out of blood and into ISF
OP
Edema - Answer excess ISF
-solved by a lymph capillary picking up excess fluid and returning it to the heart
Three Causes for Edema - Answer 1. reduced osmotic pressure
2. Increased HP
3. structural problem
Ascites - Answer alchoholics
-fluid buildup in the peritoneal cavity
-excess HP
Immune System Functions - Answer defend against pathogens
-remove cellular debris
-identify and destroy mutant cells
Immune Response - Answer chemical warfare
-recognize the difference between self and non self
self antigen - Answer unique set of markers
Antigen - Answer any molecule that potentially produces an immune response
Antibody - Answer protein that is produced by specific lymphocytes
Foreign Antigen - Answer recognition of non self introduced from outside body
First Layer of Defense - Answer non adaptive, easily breached
physical and chemical barriers
-Skin
-Mucous membranes
, -Resident bacteria
Skin - Answer Sebum-->lactic acid and fatty acid
Sweat--> water and nacl
Cerumen--> earwax
Mucous Membranes - Answer line structures that are open to the outise
-physical barrier
Lysozymes - Answer enzymes in mucous tears and spit that eat bacteria walls
Gastric Juices - Answer HCl and Peptin
Resident Bacteria - Answer E coli--> good in gut
Lactobacillus - Answer in woman's vaginal canal
second layer of response - Answer non adaptive
1. Inflammatory response
2. Complement System
3. Interferon
1. Inflammatory Response Mediators - Answer redness
swelling
heat
pain
potential loss of function
Inflammatory Response Characteristics - Answer vasodilation
increase leakiness of blood caps
more space in between cells
influx of phagocytic WBC
-influx of plasma proteins into ISF
-Phagocytic Recruitment
Phagocytic recruitment - Answer occurs by way of chemotaxis
-chemicals follow gradient
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