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Exam (elaborations)

D027 Pathopharm Questions and Answers (100% Pass)

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color blindness and hemophilia sex-linked traits, cones lack one or more wavelength-sensitive chemicals, you will be unable to distinguish the colors red, green or blue. Some conditions that can cause color deficits are sickle cell anemia. Thiazide diuretics mechanism of action -Inhibit ...

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  • October 12, 2024
  • 54
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • D027
  • D027
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MASTER01
1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+




D027 Pathopharm Questions and
Answers (100% Pass)
color blindness and hemophilia


✓ sex-linked traits,

cones lack one or more wavelength-sensitive chemicals, you will be unable

to distinguish the colors red, green or blue. Some conditions that can cause

color deficits are sickle cell anemia.




Thiazide diuretics mechanism of action


✓ -Inhibit Na reabsorption in the *distal tubule*

-Promotes up to 10% of Na and H2O excretion


-Increase urinary excretion of other electrolytes




Diuril (chlorothiazide)


✓ 1st line drug tx for antihypertensive, thiazide diuretic, tx by reducing bld

vol, increased urination




Calcium Channel Blockers




Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update

, 1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+

✓ (INE)agents that inhibit the entry of calcium ions into heart muscle

cells, causing a slowing of the heart rate, a lessening of the demand for

oxygen and nutrients, and a relaxing of the smooth muscle cells of the

blood vessels to cause dilation; used to prevent or treat angina

pectoris, some arrhythmias, and hypertension




Ca Channel Blockers


✓ Dilate the arteries and reduce the force of the heart's contractions

Norvasc (amlodipine)


Cardizem (Diltiazem)




ACE inhibitors adverse effects


✓ 1. first dose hypotension

2. orthostatic hypotension


3.tachycardia


4.photosensitvity


5.renal insufficiency


6. hyperkalemia


7. Angioedema


8. Bone marrow depression



Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update

, 1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+




Beta Blockers


✓ decrease heart rate and dilate arteries by blocking beta receptors by

inhibiting effects of norepi




Escitalopram


✓ Lexapro

SSRI




pituitary gland


✓ The endocrine system's most influential gland. Under the influence of

the hypothalamus, the pituitary regulates growth and controls other

endocrine glands.




atherosclerotic plaque


✓ fatty deposits accumulated due to elevated glucose levels




Primary HTN risk factors


✓ 1. Genetic predisposition

2. Excess dietary salt intake



Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update

, 1 | P a g e | © copyright 2024/2025 | Grade A+

3. Adrenergic tone


4. racial pattern (HIGHEST : African Americans)




Primary HTN causes


✓ Renal Parenchymal disease

Renal vascular disease


essential HTN


Cardiovascular disease


CNS abnormalities


Endocrine disease


Syndromes


Medication related (rare).




EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) proteins, mutation driving lung

cancer


✓ medicate with Tagrisso, a type of tyrosine kinase inhibitor.




Tagrisso (osimertinib)


✓ non-small cell lung cancer



Master01 | October, 2024/2025 | Latest update

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