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Exam (elaborations)

NNP Board Exam Tidbits

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NNP Board Exam Tidbits ...

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  • October 13, 2024
  • 40
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • NNP Board
  • NNP Board
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Easton
NNP Board Exam Tidbits 2024-2025


asphyxia (management) - ANSWER fluid restriction; crystalloids over colloids (NS
versus blood or albumin)



crystalloids over colloids - ANSWER decreased morbidity (NS versus blood or albumin)



NS bolus - ANSWER management of cord accidents (velamentous insertion)



severe asphyxia - ANSWER preferential blood flow is diverted to the blood stem



APGAR - ANSWER appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, respiration



renal agenesis/lung hypoplasia - ANSWER oligohydramnios, Potter's facies, limb
deformities



apical pulse - ANSWER is audible at the 5th ICS early life due to right ventricular
dominance, slowly shifts to 4th ICS, midclavicular line



liver - ANSWER may be palpable 1-2 cm below the R sternal border; should be smooth



neck hyperextension - ANSWER floppy upper arm and lower extremities can be due to.

Scalded Skin Syndrome (SSS) - ANSWER Staphylococcus aureus



hyper metabolic state - ANS tachycardia, tachypnea, desaturation



Biophysical Profile (BPP) - ANS five variables assessed in the fetus to assist in assessing

,fetal risk: breathing movement, body movement, tone, amniotic fluid volume, and fetal
heart rate reactivity; most sensitive indicator of asphyxia



5-10% - ANS term weight loss expected



10-15% - ANS preterm weight loss expected



acrocyanosis-ANS normal within first 48 hours related to immature vascumotor tone



hard nodules/calcium deposits-ANS subcutaneous necrosis



Babinski reflex-ANS reflex in which a newborn fans out the toes when the sole of the foot
is touched; last reflex to disappear



Pull to sit-ANS normal for head to fall forward



cephalohematoma-ANS collection of blood between the periosteum and skull bone;
does not cross suture lines



caput succedaneum - ANSWER edematous swelling and ecchymosis of the presenting
part of the head caused by birth trauma (vaccum, etc); crosses sutures lines



maternal sickle cell - ANSWER chronic hypoxia in baby and IUGR is related to.

decreased pulmonary markings on CXR - ANSWER pulmonary atresia and other lesions
with obstructive blood flow to the lungs (HLHS, PS, Tetrology, Tricuspid Atresia)



PDA - ANSWER left to right shunt with white-out on CXR



right to left; left to right - ANSWER early in life, PDA is ________ until SVR increases and

,PVR decreases, after that point it is ________



asphyxia/hypoxia - ANSWER can cause TR



long P - ANSWER right ventricular enlargement



prolonged PR, peaked T waves and wide QRS - ANSWER hyperkalemia



prolonged QT - ANSWER hypocalcemia



SVT - ANSWER adenosine is the drug of choice



coarctation - ANSWER constriction, stenosis, particularly of the aorta; R radial pressure
is > UAC pressure



PPS - ANSWER heart murmur heard in axilla and back



S1 - ANSWER the first heart sound, heard when the atrioventricular (mitral and
tricuspid) valves close



S2 - ANSWER the second heart sound, heard when the semilunar (aortic and pulmonic)
valves close



systolic click - ANSWER abnormal systolic sound created by aortic valve stenosis



VSD-ANSWER may be asymptomatic early in life, as PVR drops and SVR increase the L
to R shunt increases and CHF develops



PDA murmur-ANSWER best auscultated in the LUSB

, acidemia-ANSWER most ominous ABG in infant with CHD

endocardial cushions-ANSWER neural crest ectoderm; involved in atrioventricular
separation



Tetrology of Fallot - ANSWER overriding aorta, VSD, right ventricular hypertrophy,
pulmonary stenosis(decreased pulmonary blood flow)



BPD - ANSWER causes signs and symptoms of right heart failure; right ventricle
pumping against increased resistance to lungs



cyanotic heart lesions - ANSWER Tetralogy of Fallot

Tricuspid Atresia

Transposition Great Vessels

Hypoplastic LH syndrome

Truncus Arteriosus

TAPVR

Pulmonary Atresia

Ebstein's Anomaly

All affect pulmonary blood flow



acyanotic heart lesions - ANSWER VSD

ASD

Endocardial cushion defects

PDA

Coarctation of aorta

All involve mixing of blood



endocardial cushion defect (AV canal) - ANSWER most common congenital heart
malformation seen with Trisomy 21

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