Exam (elaborations)
NU433 Integumentary Exam Questions And Correct Answers
- Course
- Institution
NU433 Integumentary Exam Questions And Correct Answers...
[Show more]
Content preview
NU433 Integumentary Exam Questions AndCorrect Answers
Anatomy of skin - ANSWER -largest organ
-3 layers:
1. epidermis: outer most layer
2. dermis: "true skin", under epidermis, contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves,
sweat & sebaceous glands, hair roots, produces collagen
3. subcutaneous tissue (hypodermis): inner most layer, mostly adipose tissue
Functions of skin - ANSWER -protection: against invasion by bacteria and other foreign
matter
-sensation: temp, pain, touch, and pressure
-fluid balance: absorbs water to avoid the excessive loss of water and electrolytes from
the internal body & retaining moisture in the subcutaneous tissues
-temp regulation: the body, through its energy production process, constantly
generates heat due to metabolic processes of food breakdown (radiation, conduction,
convection, and evaporation); in cold conditions of the body temp, the blood vessels will
constrict to minimize the rate of heat loss from the body
Nutritional Production: resorption of nutrients from a healthy diet, supplementation, and
ultraviolet light exposure stimulating vitamin D production
Immune Response Function: innate and adaptive immune responses are generated
Bacterial (cellulitis) lesions - ANSWER -do not squeeze, but remove exudate prior to
applying topical meds so they can penetrate into the lesion
warm compress bid x comfort
treated with topical antibacterial cream or ointment
-may require systemic antibiotics (PCN or cephalosporins; if allergy then tetracycline,
erythromycin, azithromycin, or tobramycin)
,-MRSA treated with vancomycin, linezolid, or clindamycin
Fungal (yeast) lesions - ANSWER -treated with topical cream or powder
-skin needs to be clean & dry before applying topical ointments or creams
-treated with antifungals (clotrimazole, nystatin, etc.; creams applied to infected skin
bid and for 1-2 weeks after lesions are no longer present)
Viral (herpes) lesions - ANSWER -apply to burrow's solution 20 min tid to promote
formation of crust and healing
-avoid tight, restrictive clothing that can irritate a lesion
-allow lesion to dry b/t treatments and avoid lying on lesion to promote circulation and
comfort
-use good hand hygiene to prevent cross-contamination of the infection
-avoid sharing personal items (combs, brushes, clothing, footwear)
-treated with antivirals (acyclovir, valcyclovir, or famciclovir; decreases number of
active viruses on surface of skin and reduces discomfort)
Wood's light exam - ANSWER -diagnostic study
-UV light used to produce color changes (blue-dark purple) to show skin infection
-performed in dark room to evaluate pigment changes
-reassure pt that light is not harmful to skin or eyes
-lesions that are devoid of melanin inc in whiteness with UV light
Diascopy - ANSWER -diagnostic study
-glass slide or lens pressed over area to check for blanching
-determines whether lesion is vascular (inflammatory), nonvascular (nevus), or
hemorrhagic (petechiae or purpura)
-hemorrhagic and nonvascular lesions do not blanch, but inflammatory lesions do
-may order C&S with this to see what kind of antibiotic to give
Biopsy - ANSWER -the removal of a sample of tissue by excision or needle aspiration for
,cytological (histological; microscopic) examination; confirms or rules out malignancy
-performed on skin nodules, plaques, blisters, and other lesions
-consent
-make sure blood thinners have been withheld
-describe procedure to client and inform client about what to expect in regard to
formation of a scar
-skin _ are performed under local anesthesia
-mild pain relievers afterwards
-punch, shave, or excisional
Indications for biopsy - ANSWER -potential diagnoses: commonly performed to establish
an exact diagnosis or to rule out diseases such as cancer
-client presentation: evidence of skin lesion can include an area of discoloration that is
thickened, thinned, raised, flat, rough, painful, open, dry, and/or itchy
Punch biopsy - ANSWER -type of biopsy
-small plug of tissue (2-6 mm) removed
-may or may not use sutures to close site
Shave biopsy - ANSWER -type of biopsy
-removal of only raised portion of lesion using scalpel or razor blade
-no suture required
Excisional biopsy - ANSWER -type of biopsy
larger and deeper specimen obtained
suturing required [possible sedation; local anesthetic]
Post-biopsy teaching - ANSWER -
report excessive bleeding or s/s of infection (swelling, warmth, drainage, pain, redness,
fever)
, check incision daily [should be clean, dry, and intact]
remove dressing after 8 hrs and clean with tap water or sterile NS to clean dried blood
or crusts
apply topical meds if ordered to prevent infection
-if sutured, RTC in 7-10 days for removal
Psoriasis -Considered one of the most common chronic noncommunicable skin
diseases, affects 7.5 million Americans or 2%-3% of world population
Characterized by scaly, dermal patches "silvery plaques"*
Caused by overproduction of keratin
Autoimmune: periods of exacerbations and remissions triggered by stress & anxiety
Commonly present on elbows, knees, trunk, scalp, sacrum and lateral aspects of
extremities
-affect joints, causing arthritis-type changes and pain
Risk factors for psoriasis - ANSWER-more common in women, caucasians, obese
-infections (serious streptococcal, candida, URI)
-skin trauma (recent surgery or sunburn)
-stress (r/t overstimulation of immune system)
-may be seasonal (warm weather improves s/s)
-hormonal (puberty or menopause)
-meds (lithium, beta-blockers, indomethacin)
-genetics
Topical agents - ANSWER tx of psoriasis:
-steroids (triamcinolone, betamethasone): avoid use on face or skin folds; short-term
use; taper; watch skin for thinning, striae, or hypopigmentation
-tar preparations: manufactured from trees (juniper, birch, and pine); can stain hair and
skin; smells so apply at night; watch for skin irritation; can sting and burn
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Easton. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $12.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
75323 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now