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NURS 5220: Exam #1 Module 2: Ch 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16 2024 Exam Questions And Correct Answers
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NURS 5220: Exam #1 Module 2: Ch 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16 2024 Exam Questions And Correct Answers
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NURS 5220: Exam #1 Module 2: Ch 9,10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 16 2024 Exam
Questions And Correct Answers
In which age group are milia an expected finding?
A. Newborns
B. Young children
C. Adolescents
D. Older adults - -A: CorrectMilia are small, whitish, discrete papules on the
face; they are commonly found during the first 2 to 3 months of life. The
sebaceous glands function in an immature fashion at this age and are easily
plugged by sebum. Answers b, c, and d are incorrect.
-Mr. Babson is a 74-year-old man who presents to your office with a
complaint of a "spot" on his chin and wants to know whether it is cancerous.
Which of the following signs or symptoms indicates a need for further
medical investigation?
A. The "spot" is a reddish brown color.
B. The "spot" has been on his chin for 20 years.
C. The "spot" bleeds easily when it is touched.
D. The "spot" is slightly raised and circumscribed. - -C: CorrectA "spot" that
bleeds easily when it is touched may be indicative of a more serious
condition like basal cell carcinoma, the most common form of skin cancer.
-A 6-year-old girl has freckles over her nose and cheeks. The examiner will
recall that freckles are a type of:
A. macule.
B. papule.
C. nodule.
D. patch. - -A:correctA macule is a flat, circumscribed area that is a change
in the color of the skin usually less than 1 cm in diameter. Freckles, flat
moles, petechiae, and measles are examples of macules.
-Mrs. Tomberg brings her 4-day-old infant to your office with a concern of a
yellowish skin tone. Which of the following statements best describes the
rationale for the skin tone?
A. Increased formation of subcutaneous tissue causes a yellow hue.
B. Capillaries broken during the birth process turn the skin slightly yellow as
bruises heal.
,C. The yellowish color results from increased fat metabolism and heat
production.
D. The infant has hyperbilirubinemia. - -D:CorrectHyperbilirubinemia, or
physiologic jaundice, is present to a mild degree in many newborn infants. It
usually starts after the first day of life and disappears by the eighth to tenth
day but may persist for as long as 3 to 4 weeks. Intense and persistent
jaundice suggests liver disease, a hemolytic process, or severe,
overwhelming infection.
-Mr. Russel is a 17-year-old adolescent patient who presents with a
complaint of acne. He asks the examiner why teens have more problems
with acne than children. Which of the following would be an appropriate
response?
A. "Children have better hygiene habits than adolescents because of
parental guidance."
B. "Adolescents have reduced blood flow to the epidermal layer of the skin,
making them more prone to infections."
C. "At puberty, adolescents begin to secrete more oil from sebaceous
glands."
D. "Children have very little skin mass, which prevents development of
acne." - -C: CorrectDuring adolescence, the apocrine glands enlarge and
become active, causing increased axillary sweating and sometimes body
odor. Sebaceous glands increase sebum production in response to increased
hormone levels, primarily androgen, giving the skin an oily appearance and
predisposing the individual to acne.
-While examining the skin of an 87-year-old woman, the nurse observes
significant tenting. Which of the following best explains that finding?
A. Small tags of skin form on the neck.
B. The skin becomes thin and takes on a parchment-like appearance.
C. The skin becomes dry with significant flaking.
D. There is a loss of adipose tissue and elasticity. - -D:CorrectTenting occurs
in the older adult as a result of loss of adipose tissue and elasticity. The skin
often appears to hang loosely on the bony frame as a result of a general loss
of elasticity, loss of underlying adipose tissue, and years of gravitational pull.
-Mr. Allen is a 66-year-old man who presents to your clinic for follow-up for
his chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). When assessing for the
presence of clubbing, the examiner specifically examines:
A. the width of the nail base.
,B. the angle of the nail base.
C. the thickness of the nail.
D. the color of the nail. - -B:CorrectThe average nail base angle should
measure 160 degrees. In clubbing, the nail base is boggy and the angle
increases and approaches or exceeds 180 degrees. Another method of
assessment is the Schamroth technique. Clubbing is associated with a
variety of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, cirrhosis, colitis, and
thyroid disease.
-Mrs. Jones presents with a complaint of a spot on her skin. Which type of
lesion can develop in an already present nevi?
A. Malignant melanoma
B. Squamous cell carcinoma
C. Basal cell carcinoma
D. Kaposi sarcoma - -A: CorrectMalignant melonoma is the most lethal form
of skin cancer that develops from melanocytes. Squamous cell carcinoma,
basal cell carcinoma, and Kaposi sarcoma rarely develop in an already
existing nevi.
-Mrs. Xavier is a 45-year-old patient who presents to your office with a
complaint of a rash. On examination, you find a herald patch (round plaque
with fine superficial scaling). Which of the following conditions identifies this
finding?
A. Pityriasis rosea
B. Dermatophytosis
C. Rosacea
D. Herpes zoster - -A:CorrectPityriasis rosea is a self-limiting inflammation of
unknown cause. The herald lesion is commonly missed, although the most
common sign of this condition.
-The examiner notes a large blue-black spot on the buttock of a 4-week-old
black neonate. The mother states that the infant was born with it. The
examiner should recognize that this:
A. is an expected finding.
B. may indicate child abuse.
C. is related to birth trauma.
D. suggests a congenital defect. - -A:CorrectThis finding is indicative of
Mongolian spots. Mongolian spots are irregular areas of deep blue
pigmentation, usually in the sacral and gluteal regions, and are seen
predominantly in newborns of African, Native American/American Indian,
Asian, or Latin descent. They commonly appear on the back, buttocks,
shoulders, and legs of well babies and usually disappear in the preschool
years.
, -A skin lesion that may be associated with neurofibromatosis or pulmonary
stenosis is:
A. café au lait spots.
B. nevus vasculosus.
C. port wine limb stain.
D. spider angioma. - -A:CorrectCafé au lait spots are flat, evenly pigmented
spots varying in color from light brown to dark brown or black on dark skin,
are larger than 5 mm in diameter, and are present at birth or shortly
thereafter. They may be associated with neurofibromatosis or miscellaneous
other conditions, including pulmonary stenosis, temporal lobe dysrhythmia,
and tuberous sclerosis.
-Mr. Tucker is a 68-year-old man who comes to your office complaining of
spots on his skin. On examination, which lesion is an expected finding on the
skin of healthy older adults?
A. Acne vulgaris
B. Cherry angioma
C. Miliaria
D. Trichotillomania - -B: CorrectCherry angiomas are tiny, bright ruby-red,
round papules that may become brown with time. They occur in virtually
everyone older than 30 years and increase numerically with age.
-The examiner notes hyperkeratosis on a patient's palms and soles. The
examiner recognizes that this:
A. may be a sign of a systemic disorder.
B. may be an indication of a congenital heart defect.
C. is commonly found among individuals with Down syndrome.
D. is considered a normal finding. - -D:CorrectHyperkeratosis or callus is a
superficial area that occurs on the weight-bearing areas of the feet and on
the palmar surface of the hands. Calluses are less well demarcated than
corns and are usually not tender.
-A patient with diabetes presents to the clinic complaining of an infected
foot. On removing the patient's sock, the examiner notes an odor that
resembles rotting apples. What type of infection is this consistent with?
A. Pseudomonas infection
B. Peritonitis
C. Anaerobic infection
D. Clostridium gas gangrene - -D:CorrectThe skin, like other body parts, may
have odors suggesting a variety of problems: infectious, metabolic, or
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