Absense - Answer-Abrupt and sudden onset impairment of consciousness, interruption
of ongoing activities, A BLANK STARE
/.Air Medical Resource Management - Answer-Distributes workload.
/.AMI treatment - Answer-Reduce Preload/Pain (MONA)
Reduce HR/ O2 demand (Beta-Blocker/Calcium Channel Blocker)
Clot Prevention (ASA, GP3B2A)
Reperfusion (Chemical or Surgical)
/.Anaphylactoid Syndrome of Pregnancy - Answer-Caused by maternal exposure to
fetal cells.
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulopathy and Anaphylaxis at the same time
Sudden onset of pleuritic chest pain, tachypnea, tachycardia, fever
Tx: Fluid resus, Increase PEEP (pt is Hypoxic), Blood
/.Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors - Answer-Prevents ventricular remodeling in
the Post-MI patient
/.Anterior LAD - Answer-ST segment changes in V2, V3, V4
treat with MONA
/.Anteroseptal LAD - Answer-ST changes in V1, V2, V3,V4
Left ventricle and septum affected
papillary muscle dysfunction- leads to cardiogenic shock
treat with MONA
/.Aortic Dissection - Answer-Ripping and Tearing Sensation between shoulder blades,
Ascending Aorta is common site,
CXR: widened mediastinum, loss of aortic knob, pleural effusion
Tx: first Betablocker (Labetolol) Second Vasodilator (nitroprusside)
Pain meds, Morphine, Fetanyl, ketamine
Restrict fluids unless profound hypotensive
,/.ARDS - Answer-Causes: Pancreatitis, Sepsis, Trauma, Aspiration Pneumonia
CXR: Ground Glass apperance, Patchy infiltrates, Bilateral Diffuse Infiltrates
Swan Ganz: Increase PAWP (18-20), Increased resistance to pump against in lungs
Treatment: PEEP (10), High Vt (>10)
/.Area Orientation - Answer-5 hours total w/ 2 at night
/.Arterial Gas Embolism - Answer-Boyle's Law
breathe holding during ascent on a dive. causes pnuemo. air can be forced into blood
stream creating air bubble blocks.
Hyperbaric Chamber! fly in aircraft under 10k Mean Sea Level
/.Assist-control ventilation - Answer-Preferred mode for pts in Respiratory Distress
Ventilator supports every breath. Used in ARDS, paralyzed or sedated patients.
Auto-peep (hyperventilation) Breath Stacking can cause VILI
/.Asthma - Answer-"the problem is breathing out"
Flattened Diaphragm, and Chest Cavity is over expanded
Exhalation problems fatigue the quickest
Treatment: Increase the I:E ratio to 1:4
High flow O2
Bronchiodilators
IV Fluids
RSI with Ketamine for bronchodilation
/.atmosphere - Answer-Sea Level = 1 ATM = 760 Torr
33ft = 2 ATM
66ft = 3 ATA
/.Atonic - Answer-"drop" seizures (falls to floor): commonly mistaken for fainting
/.Autonomic Dysreflexia
Autonomic Hyperreflexia - Answer-paralyzed bladder, that requires foley and drainage
slowly,
Increases B/P, HR, ICP
/.Barondontalgia - Answer-Boyle's Law
Ascent Air trapped in the fillings
/.Barosinusitis - Answer-Both Ascent and Descent
Sinus Block
, /.Barotitis - Answer-Descent, Middle ear can't vent
/.Basillar skull fracture - Answer-Results from an extension of fractures from the
Calvaria (roof of skull)
CSF leakage
/.Bends Ground transport is preferred - Answer-Type 1 Nitrogen related, painful joints
mottled skin, pruritus; "ants are crawling on their Skin"
Cutis Marmorata- Mottled Skin, can look like a sunburn
Type 2 Neurologic s/s hypovolemic Shock
/.Beta-Blocker - Answer-Do NOT use in Bi-fasicular blocks or BBB
/.Boyle's Law (Balloon=Barotrauma - Answer-The pressure a gas is inversely
proportional to the volume of a gas at a constant temperature.
IV drip rates increase, affects ETT cuffs
/.Breech Delivery - Answer-Don't touch until umbilicus is delivered
Don't attempt a footling breech
/.Bronchiolitis - Answer->90% viral
Cough, SOB, Nasal flaring, wheezing/crackling on exam
RSV
Isolation Required
Supportive care, 02 Fluids, Isolation
WATCH for APNEA
/.Brudzinki's sign - Answer-The appearance of involuntary lifting of the legs when lifting
a patient's head with the patient lying supine
/.Cardiac Output Transducer - Answer-Placed to Phlebostatic axis
4th ICS, Mid Axillary Line
/.Cardiac Responses - Answer-Decrease to contractility, HR increases
Hypoxia Increase PVR
Decrease in systemic perfusion, Blood vessels constrict
Increase in systemic vasoconstriction, Decrease in CO
/.Cardiogenic Shock: - Answer-Objective signs of shock due to Heart Failure
PAWP > 18-20
Decrease in Urine Output
Hypotensive
