BHCC Microbiology Exam 1 Study Questions And Answers Latest Updates
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Course
BHCC Microbiology
Institution
BHCC Microbiology
List four ways microbes are used in our everyday life (be specific). - ️️1. They are in
the ater of oceans and lakes which are lived in by mammals such as whales and fish
which are important parts of the food chain.
2. They are in the soil and microbes can help recycle chemical elements in t...
BHCC Microbiology Exam 1 Study Qs
List four ways microbes are used in our everyday life (be specific). - ✔️✔️1. They are in
the ater of oceans and lakes which are lived in by mammals such as whales and fish
which are important parts of the food chain.
2. They are in the soil and microbes can help recycle chemical elements in the soil
3. Photosynthesis - microbes help with this and some of their metabolisms depend on
photosynthesis
4. Microbes are in our intestines and other animals and help with our digestion as well
as synthesis of Vitamins B and K
5. Commercial applications - microbes are used in processed foods such as yogurt,
cheese, and wine.
What is the difference between microbial genetics and molecular biology? -
✔️✔️Microbial genetics is the study of the science of heredity and the genetic
information in the cells of microbes. Molecular biology is the branch of biology that deals
with the structure and function of the macromolecules (e.g., proteins and nucleic acids)
essential to life, so it encompasses microbial genetics somewhat but also includes all
the other aspects of cells and microbes.
In the Book: Microbial genetics are the mechanisms by which microorganisms inherit
traits while Molecular biology studies how genetic information is carried in molecules of
DNA
Give two reasons why it took so long to disprove the theory of spontaneous generation?
- ✔️✔️Spontaneous generation is the idea that organisms can arise from nonliving
organisms, unlike the maxim that cells must come from other cells (biogenesis). It took
so long to disprove spontaneous generation because microbes are present in air and on
surfaces and so in old experiments it could seem like they generated from nothing.
Additionally, disbelievers in biogenesis could point out that lack of "fresh air" or some
other nonliving component was necessary for the creation of life from non-life when
scientists (like Francesco Redi) showed that organisms wouldn't form in covered
containers. 1 reason is that the lack of scientific technology (like high powered
microscopes) made it difficult to make the connection between something like flies
landing on a corpse and the successive development of maggots. 2. Additionally John
Needham found that even after he heated nutrient fluids (to kill microbes) and poured
them into covered flasks, when they cooled, they still had microorganisms and so he
believed the microorganisms generated spontaneously. This went back and forth and
with no internet it basically took forever for someone to definitively disprove it.
4. In the name Eschetichia coli, what is the genus? What is the species? -
✔️✔️Eschetichia is the genus and coli is the species.
5. Classification of microbes is based on the ________________ organization of the
organisms. - ✔️✔️cellular
, _____unicellular eukaryotes; move by cilia, flagella, pseudopods - ✔️✔️protozoa
_____core containing DNA or RNA; acellular - ✔️✔️viruses
_____cell wall of peptidoglycan - ✔️✔️bacteria
_____eukaryotes with cell wall of chitin; most visible part is mycelia - ✔️✔️fungi
_____photosynthetic eukaryotes - ✔️✔️algae
7. Rank the size of the following from smallest to largest:
a. Virus
b. Skin cell
c. E.coli cell
d. Yeast cell - ✔️✔️1. virus
2. E. coli
3. Yeast cell
4. Skin cell
8. Name the three eukaryotic groups in the microbial world. - ✔️✔️1. protozoa
2. algae
3. fungi
9. Why are viruses not considered organisms. - ✔️✔️They can only carry out all
necessary characteristics for life when they are occupying a host cell - Obligate cellular
parasites. They are not made of cells (required for life) and they cannot reproduce
individually (required for life)
10. Define aseptic technique. - ✔️✔️refers to a procedure that is performed under
sterile conditions. This includes medical and laboratory techniques, such as with
cultures. It includes techniques like flame sterilization. In the book: aeptic techniques
are techniques that prevent contamination by unwanted microorganisms which are now
the standard practice in laboratory and many medical procedures.
11. Name one feature that distinguishes Bacteria from Archaea. - ✔️✔️Bacteria have
cell walls made of peptidoglycan and archaea (if they have a cell wall) have NO
peptidoglycan
12. What is the difference between the genotype and phenotype of an organism? -
✔️✔️The genome is the genetic make-up which are characteristic of the organism.
They are the collection of genes that give the potential for certain characteristics. The
phenotype is the actual EXPRESSED properties - the collection of proteins that were
made from instructions of the genes.
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