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General Biology: Exam 1/80 Questions with Solutions
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General Biology: Exam 1/80 Questions with Solutions
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General Biology: Exam 1/80Questions with Solutions
Atom - -Fundamental building block of all matter
-Molecule - -Two or more atoms
-Cell - -Basic form of life; smallest unit of life
-Organ - -A grouping of tissues engaged in a collective task
-Tissue - -Specialized cells organized in a pattern
-Organelle - -Structure that carries out a specialized metabolic function
within a living cell
-Organ System - -A set of organs engaged in a collective task that keeps the
body functioning properly
-Organism - -Individual that consists of of one or more cells
-Population - -Grouping of the same species
-Community - -All populations of all species in a given area; looks at
interaction between the species
-Ecosystem - -All biotic and abiotic things; a community interacting with its
environment
-Biosphere - -All ecosystems on the planet
*Gaia Theory: planet is one big organism
-Characteristics of Life - -All living things:
1) Are made up of cells *
2) Have different levels of organization
3) Obtain and convert energy from environment *
4) Respond to their environment *
5) Get larger and more complex throughout life
6) Reproduce *
7) Adapt to their environment; Homeostasis *
-Carbohydrates - -1:2:1 CH2O
- Monosaccharides: simple sugars (glucose)
, - Oligosaccharides: few sugars (sucrose)
- Polysaccharides: complex carbs; storage & structure (starch)
*Biologically important molecule
-Proteins - -Composed of amino acid monomers
- Complex
- 3D enzymes
- Diverse
*Biologically important molecule
-Lipids - -Non polar; doesn't dissolve in H2O
- Triglycerides: monomers of fatty acids & glycerol
- Phospholipids: bipolar molecule
- Steroids: 4 carbon rings
*Biologically important molecule
-Nucleotides - -Monomer of nucleic acids;
Has a five-carbon sugar, a nitrogen-containing base, and phosphate groups
*Biologically important molecule
-Producers - -Autotrophs: organism that makes its own food
-Consumers - -Heterotrophs: organism that gets energy and nutrients from
by feeding on other organisms
-Hypothesis - -Clear, short statement that answers question and can be
tested
-Prediction - -"If..Then.." statement based on hypothesis
-Experiment - -Test to support or falsify a prediction
-Independent Variable - -The variable that's manipulated
-Dependent Variable - -The variable that's measured
-Control Group - -The group of individuals in a study who aren't exposed to
the independent variable
-Domain Archaea - -- Single cell
- Prokaryotic
- Related to Eukarya
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