NURS 231 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ALL MODULE EXAMS 2024/2025 UPDATE (GRADED A+) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS- PORTAGE LEARNING COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED SOLUTIONS/GET IT 100% ACCURATE
NURS 231 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ALL MODULE EXAMS 2024/2025 UPDATE (GRADED A+) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS- PORTAGE LEARNING COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED SOLUTIONS/GET IT 100% ACCURATE
10/14/24, 6:29 AM NURS 231 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ALL MODULE EXAMS 2024/2025 UPDATE (GRADED A+) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS- …
NURS 231 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ALL MODULE
EXAMS 2024/2025 UPDATE (GRADED A+)
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS- PORTAGE
LEARNING COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS/GET IT 100% ACCURATE
Terms in this set (212)
1. Proteins
What are the 3 key
2. Homeostasis
concepts?
3. Cell membrane
1. Action potential arrives at axon terminal
2. Voltage gated calcium channels open and
calcium enters the axon terminal
How does a synapse 3. Calcium entry causes synaptic vesicles to release
work (4)? neurotransmitters by exocytosis
4. Neurotransmitter diffuses across the synaptic cleft
and binds to specific receptors on the postsynaptic
membrane
What are the 2 divisions 1. Sympathetic
of the ANS? 2. Parasympathetic
1. Fight or flight
What is the role of the
2. Turns on when you are stressed or exercising
sympathetic nervous
3. Increases heart rate, causes sweating, increased
system (3)?
respiration, etc
What is the role of the 1. Rest and digest
parasympathetic nervous 2. Causes digestion, urine release, etc
system (2)?
,10/14/24, 6:29 AM NURS 231 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ALL MODULE EXAMS 2024/2025 UPDATE (GRADED A+) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS- …
1. Both are automatic
What are similarities of
2. Both part of the motor (efferent) division of the
the sympathetic and
PNS
parasympathetic systems
3. They control smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and
(3)?
glands
1. Digestive system
2. Respiratory tract
Where is smooth muscle
3. Reproductive system
commonly found (5)?
4. Urinary tract
5. Small blood vessels
Where does the 1. Cranial nerves and spinal nerves
parasympathetic division 2. Sacral spinal nerves 2, 3, and 4
arise from (3)? 3. Cranial nerves 3, 7, 9, and 10
Where does the 1. Spinal nerves only
sympathetic division arise 2. All thoracic spinal nerves and lumbar nerves 1 and
from (2)? 2
1. Cardiac muscle
What does the ANS
2. Smooth muscle
innervate in general (3)?
3. Glands
1. A single neuron from CNS to effector organs
What is the somatic
(skeletal muscles)
nervous system in terms
2. Only one synapse in the pathway
of synapses and
3. Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter
neurotransmitters (4)?
4. Ach is stimulatory, causing muscle to contract
A group of neuron cell bodies in the peripheral
What is a ganglion?
nervous system.
,10/14/24, 6:29 AM NURS 231 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ALL MODULE EXAMS 2024/2025 UPDATE (GRADED A+) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS- …
1. Two neuron chains from CNS to effector organs
(cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, glands)
2. Has a ganglion in the pathway
3. The first synapse is in the ganglion
What is the 4. A second neuron comes out of the ganglion,
parasympathetic nervous which makes a synapse with the effector organ.
system in terms of 5. Therefore, there are 2 neurons and 2 synapses in
synapses and the pathway
neurotransmitters (7)? 6. The neurotransmitter is acetylcholine at both
synapses, which can be excitatory or inhibitory
7. The Ach binds to a nicotinic receptor at the first
synapse, and a muscarinic receptor on the second
synapse
1. Two neuron chains from CNS to effector organs
(cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, glands)
2. Has a ganglion in the pathway
3. The first synapse is in the ganglion
4. A second neuron comes out of the ganglion,
What is the sympathetic which makes a synapse with the effector organ.
nervous system in terms 5. Therefore, there are 2 neurons and 2 synapses in
of synapses and the pathway
neurotransmitters (7)? 6. The neurotransmitter is acetylcholine (excitatory)
at the first synapse, and norepinephrine (excitatory
or inhibitory) at the second synapse.
7. The Ach binds to a nicotinic receptor at the first
synapse, and the NE binds to an alpha or beta
receptor at the second synapse
Explain the following 1. Muscarinic
parasympathetic effect 2. Acetylcholine
for the eye: 3. Excitatory
1. Receptor type 4. Causes the circular smooth muscle of the iris to
2. Neurotransmitter contract, making the pupil smaller
3. Excitatory or inhibitory 5. In bright light or resting situations
4. Effect
5. When effect would
occur
, 10/14/24, 6:29 AM NURS 231 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ALL MODULE EXAMS 2024/2025 UPDATE (GRADED A+) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS- …
Explain the following 1. Muscarinic
parasympathetic effect 2. Acetylcholine
for the bronchioles: 3. Excitatory
1. Receptor type 4. Causes the smooth muscle of the bronchioles to
2. Neurotransmitter contract, causing the bronchioles to constrict. This
3. Excitatory or inhibitory decreases air entry.
4. Effect 5. When the body is at rest
5. When effect would
occur
Explain the following 1. Muscarinic
parasympathetic effect 2. Acetylcholine
for the GI tract: 3. Excitatory
1. Receptor type 4. Causes the smooth muscle of the GI tract to
2. Neurotransmitter contract, causing peristalsis.
3. Excitatory or inhibitory 5. When food is being digested and moved through
4. Effect the GI tract
5. When effect would
occur
Explain the following 1. Muscarinic
parasympathetic effect 2. Acetylcholine
for the bladder wall: 3. Excitatory
1. Receptor type 4. Causes the smooth muscles of the bladder wall to
2. Neurotransmitter contract, causing urination
3. Excitatory or inhibitory 5. When urination occurs
4. Effect
5. When effect would
occur
Explain the following 1. Muscarinic
parasympathetic effect 2. Acetylcholine
for the GI sphincters: 3. Inhibitory
1. Receptor type 4. Causes the sphincters (rings of smooth muscle) to
2. Neurotransmitter relax and open
3. Excitatory or inhibitory 5. When you are ready for food to move down the
4. Effect GI tract
5. When effect would
occur
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller CodedNurse. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $22.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
