AP World History: Modern Exam With Rationales Questions & Answers/ updated up to 2025.
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AP World History: Modern Ex
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AP World History: Modern Ex
AP World History: Modern Exam With Rationales
Questions & Answers/ updated up to 2025.
Ming Dynasty - CORRECT ANSWERS -1368 to 1644
Characterized by rejection/erasure of Mongol influence & revival of Confucianism
Revitalized Chinese culture, economy, & infrastructure - civil service examination...
AP World History: Modern Exam With Rationales
Questions & Answers/ updated up to 2025.
Ming Dynasty - CORRECT ANSWERS -1368 to 1644
Characterized by rejection/erasure of Mongol influence & revival of Confucianism
Revitalized Chinese culture, economy, & infrastructure - civil service examinations
reinstated
Il-khanate - CORRECT ANSWERS -1256-1335
Indirect Mongol rule of Persia
Founded by Genghis Khan's grandson, Hulegu after brutal defeat of Abbasids in 1258
Sacking of Baghdad
Sacking of Baghdad - CORRECT ANSWERS -1258 Mongol assault on Baghdad, final
blow to Abbasid control of Persia
Golden Horde - CORRECT ANSWERS -1206-1368 Mongol khanate in Russia
controlled distantly
Seven Voyages of Zheng He/Ming Treasure Voyages - CORRECT ANSWERS -1405-
1433
Indian Ocean maritime expeditions for exploration and diplomacy led by Admiral Zheng
He
Supported by Yongle Emperor (r. 1403-1424)
Discontinued after death of Yongle Emperor because not seen as a priority
Renaissance - CORRECT ANSWERS -~1350-1500
European movement for the rebirth/revival of arts & learning, reclaiming classical
Greco-Roman tradition & embracing secularism in the arts for the first time
Started in urban Italy, dominated by male elite
Portuguese maritime exploration - CORRECT ANSWERS -Started 1415 with
exploration of West African coast
Christopher Columbus - CORRECT ANSWERS -Italian explorer who mistakenly
"discovered" the Americas in 1492 while on a voyage funded by the Spanish crown to
find a direct/faster route to India
Vasco da Gama - CORRECT ANSWERS -Portuguese explorer who led first naval
expedition around the West, South, and East African coasts to reach India in 1497
Fall of Constantinople - CORRECT ANSWERS -1453
,Ottoman Empire seizes Constantinople, capital of Byzantium, marking end of
Roman/Byzantine Empire
Significance:
- Shift in battle tactics/weaponry - strong walls beaten by artillery (gunpowder weapons,
cannons)
- Control of Eastern & Western trade routes came under control of Muslims hostile to
Europe, pushing Europeans to seek alternative routes to trade with Asia
Rise of a Russian empire - CORRECT ANSWERS -Emerged from two centuries of
Mongol rule
Centered around Moscow
Gained power from 1500-1800
Expanded East to neutralize threats from steppe nomads & get furs from Siberia
Byzantine Empire/Byzantium - CORRECT ANSWERS -Eastern half/continuation of
Roman Empire from ~330 C.E. to ~1200
Capital: Constantinople (formerly Byzantine, renamed after Roman Emperor
Constantine 330 C.E.)
Roman Catholic Church - CORRECT ANSWERS -Western European church headed by
pope, started in Roman Empire
Caesaropapism - CORRECT ANSWERS -Secular leader (caesar) also religious leader
(pope)
Crusades - CORRECT ANSWERS -Series of holy wars from 1096-1270 AD undertaken
by European Christians to free the Holy Land from Muslim rule.
Conversion of Russia to Christianity - CORRECT ANSWERS -980-1015
Moscow became "third Rome"; stronghold of Eastern Orthodoxy
Feudalism (Western Europe) - CORRECT ANSWERS -Political and social system of
decentralized political power and relationships of mutual obligation between lords and
vassals
Manorialism (Western Europe) - CORRECT ANSWERS -Economic system of self-
sufficient rural communities centered around manor/estate with free/unfree
peasants/serfs serving lord in exchange for protection and land use rights
Guilds - CORRECT ANSWERS -Groups of people in the same profession who regulate
rules of the trade; emerged during High Middle Ages in Western Europe
, The Plague - CORRECT ANSWERS -Disease spread by flea bites (carried on rats)
Bubonic - in lymphatic system
Septimic - in blood
Pneumonic - in lungs
Black Death - CORRECT ANSWERS -Major plague epidemic in 14th century spread
initially by Mongols to Europe & MENA; killed 25-50% of Europe.
Chinese golden age of arts & literature - CORRECT ANSWERS -Tang and Song
Dynasties
Neo-Confucianism created
Tang Dynasty - CORRECT ANSWERS -618-907 CE
State structure lasted a millennia
"Censorate" set precedent for surveillance of rest of government
Civil service examinations revived
Song Dynasty - CORRECT ANSWERS -960-1279 CE
Neo-Confucianism created - revival of Confucianism incorporating elements of
Buddhism & Daoism
Economic & agricultural revolutions made Song China richest, highly populated, most
skilled, and most urbanized country in the world
Tribute System (China) - CORRECT ANSWERS -System requiring foreigners to adhere
to set of practices acknowledging Chinese superiority and presenting gifts from their
homelands
Hangul - CORRECT ANSWERS -Script invented in fifteenth century to write Korean
Chu nom - CORRECT ANSWERS -"southern script" a Vietnamese variation of Chinese
writing, which provided the basis for an independent national literature and a vehicle for
the writing of most educated women
Innovations spread from China to rest of Eurasia - CORRECT ANSWERS -Paper
making, printing, calligraphy, gunpowder, silk, porcelain, lacquerware, more
Spread of Buddhism - CORRECT ANSWERS -Religion originated in northern India 5th
century BCE, then spread across (East & Southeast) Asia through Silk Roads starting in
1st and 2nd centuries CE
Syncretism - CORRECT ANSWERS -Blending of cultural (often religious) values and
practices
Chinese dynasties - CORRECT ANSWERS -Shang, Zhou, Qin, Han, Sui, Tang, Song,
Yuan, Ming, Qing, Republic, Mao Zedong
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