BSC 2085 Exam #2 Yung Su FSU Questions +
Answers Graded A+
What Systems are connected to the Integumentary system? - ANSWER Cardiovascular system-
By blood vessels in the dermis
Nervous system- By sensory receptors that detect stimuli for pain, touch, and temperature
Is the hypodermis par...
BSC 2085 Exam #2 Yung Su FSU Questions +
Answers Graded A+
What Systems are connected to the Integumentary system? - ANSWER Cardiovascular system-
By blood vessels in the dermis
Nervous system- By sensory receptors that detect stimuli for pain, touch, and temperature
Is the hypodermis part of the Integumentary system? - ANSWER No, Located below the dermis
-Composed of loose connective tissue: separates integument from the deep fascia around organs
- Location of hypodermic injections
5 main functions of the Integumentary System? - ANSWER 1. Protection of underlying tissues
and organs
2. Excretion of salts, water, and organic wastes (glands)
3. Maintenance of body temperature (insulation and evaporation)
4. Production of melanin, keratin, vitamin D3, and storage of lipids
5. Detection of touch, pressure, pain, and temperature
PEMPD
Describe the Epidermis - ANSWER Is avascular stratified squamous epithelium
Nutrients and oxygen diffuse from capillaries in the dermis
Dominated by keratinocytes (most abundant type of epithelial cells) -contain large amounts of
the protein keratin
Thin skin: location and layers - ANSWER Covers most of the body
Has four layers of keratinocytes
Thick skin: location and layers - ANSWER Covers the palms of the hands and soles of the feet
Has five layers of keratinocytes
What are the 5 strata of keratinocytes in thick skin - ANSWER 1. Stratum basale
,2. Stratum spinosum
3.Stratum granulosum
4. Stratum lucidum (missing in thin skin)
5.Stratum corneum
Bottom to top
What is the Stratum Basale? - ANSWER -Is attached to basement membrane by
hemidesmosomes
-Forms a strong bond between epidermis and dermis
-Forms epidermal ridges (basis of fingerprints)
-Dermal papillae (tiny mounds)- projections from the dermis-Increase the area of basement
membrane and ttrengthen attachment between epidermis and dermis
-Has many basal cells, or germinative cells
What determines fingerprints? - ANSWER Determined by genetics and
uterine environment during fetal development.
Do identical twins have the same fingerprints? - ANSWER No
What are specialized cells of Stratum Basale? - ANSWER 1. Merkel cells- specialized epithelial
tactile cells
Found in hairless skin
Respond to touch (trigger nervous system)
2. Melanocytes
Contain the pigment melanin
Scattered throughout stratum basale
What is the Stratum Spinosum? - ANSWER "the "spiny layer"
-Produced by division of stratum basale
-Eight to ten layers of keratinocytes bound by desmosomes
-Cells shrink until cytoskeletons stick out (looks spiny) - under normal histological preperations
,-Continue to divide, increasing thickness of epithelium
-Contain dendritic (Langerhans) cells, active in immune response - defend against
microorganisms that get past superficial layers of epidermis and defend against superficial skin
cancers
Describe the Stratum Granulosum layer - ANSWER -the "grainy layer", Stops dividing, starts
producing:
1. Keratin
A tough, fibrous protein
Makes up hair and nails
2. Keratohyalin
Dense granules
Cross-link keratin fibers
Note: as keratin accumulates, the cell flatten and its plasma membrane thickens and becomes less
permeable
Describe the Stratum Lucidum - ANSWER the "clear layer"
-Found only in thick skin
-Covers stratum granulosum
-Cells here are flattened, densely packed with keratin and are devoid of organelles
Stratum Cornuem - ANSWER -the "horn layer" (latin cornu=horn)
-Exposed surface of skin (15 to 30 layers of keratinized cells) lasts about 2 weeks
-Water resistant, not water proof!
-Shed and replaced every two weeks
-All exposed skin surfaces (except the anterior of the eyes) undergo cornification (keratinization)
- formation of protective, superficial layers of cells filled with keratin
Cells of Stratum Granulosum - ANSWER -Produce protein fibers
-Dehydrate and die (organelles disintegrate)
-Create tightly interlocked layer of keratin surrounded by keratohyalin
, -Keratohylain cross links keratin and dehydrates cell
Integumentary System- weight and area - ANSWER Is the largest system of the body
16% of body weight
1.5 to 2 m2 in area
How many parts makeup the integumentary system? - ANSWER The integument is made up of
two parts
1. Cutaneous membrane (skin)
2. Accessory structures
Describe the Cutaneous Membrane - ANSWER consist of two components:
Outer epidermis
Superficial epithelium (epithelial tissues)
Inner dermis
Connective tissues
Accessory Structure - ANSWER Originate in the dermis
Extend through the epidermis to skin surface. Includes:
Hair, Nails, Multicellular exocrine glands
Keratinization - ANSWER -The formation of a layer of dead, protective cells filled with keratin
Occurs on all exposed skin surfaces except eyes
What is the skin life cycle? - ANSWER Skin life cycle
-It takes 7 to 10 days for a cell to move from stratum basale to stratum corneum
-Once there, cells may remain at stratum corneum for an additional 2 weeks before shedding off
Two types of perspiration - ANSWER Insensible and sensible
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller TheExamMaestro. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $12.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
