What is the 2nd most common cancer in men and women in the US? - ANSWER colon
cancer
What are patient controlled risk factors for colon cancer? - ANSWER lack of exercise
red meat
obesity
smoking
alcohol use
What is the most common type of colon cancer? what are the subtypes? - ANSWER
Adenocarcinoma
1. *mucinous mucus* (most common)
2. Signet ring cell
Where does adenocarcinoma of the colon start microscopically? - ANSWER intestinal
glands
What are the clinical manifestations of colon cancer? - ANSWER Abdominal pain
Change in bowel habit
Hematochezia
Anemia
What are the common METS of colon cancer? - ANSWER regional lymph nodes
liver
lungs
, peritoneum
If a patient presents with anemia and hem occult + and the differential diagnosis is
cancer, where is the most common place for it to be located? - ANSWER cecum/right
colon
If a patient presents with pain, blood in stools, and change in bowel habits and the
differential diagnosis is cancer, where is the most common place for it to be located? -
ANSWER left colon
What location of colon tumors have worse 5 year survival than similar staged tumors in a
different location? - ANSWER tumors AT or BELOW peritoneal reflection = *worse
prognosis*
--> EX: rectum or rectosigmoid worse
What is Synchronous cancer? - ANSWER 2 or more distinct primary tumors separated
by normal bowel not due to direct extension or metastasis
What is Metachronous cancer? - ANSWER nonanastamotic new tumors developing at
last 6 months after initial diagnosis
What is the single best diagnostic test of colon cancer? - ANSWER Colonoscopy
What are the 2 staging systems of colon cancer? - ANSWER Dukes
TNM
What imaging is more beneficial in patients with rectal cancer: MRI or CT? - ANSWER
MRI
What is the treatment of colon cancer? - ANSWER Surgical resection of tumor
*radiation recommended before surgery in rectal cancer*
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