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Rosh Review Pediatrics LLL complete exam with verified solutions
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Rosh Review Pediatrics LLL complete exam with verified solutions
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Rosh Review:Pediatrics LLL
complete exam with
verified solutions
A 6-year-old boy presents to the clinic with scaly patches and alopecia on
his scalp for the past week. The boy states the scaly areas itch. Which of
the following is the recommended treatment?
A Oral griseofulvin
B Oral ivermectin
C Topical ketoconazole
D Topical permethrin
Oral griseofulvin
A 6-month-old boy is brought in by his mother due to increasing fussiness,
poor feeding, irritability, persistent crying, runny nose, nasal congestion,
and a mild cough for the past five days. Upon physical exam, he has a
fever of 101.7°F, mild retractions, and diffuse fine rales in all lung fields
revealed on auscultation. His chest radiograph is unremarkable. Which of
the following is the most likely diagnosis?
A Aspiration pneumonitis
B Bronchiolitis
C Croup
D Pertussis
Bronchiolitis
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A 15-year-old boy presents to the clinic for a routine examination with no
specific complaints. Vital signs include HR 89 bpm, RR 17/min, BP 142/87
mm Hg, and body mass index 32 kg/m2. Physical examination reveals
acanthosis nigricans with central abdominal obesity. Laboratory analysis
reveals serum alanine transferase concentration of 87 U/L. Which of the
following is the most likely diagnosis?
A Autoimmune hepatitis
B Hepatitis C
C Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease
D Wilson disease
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease
A 14-year-old girl presents to the office reporting nausea, abdominal
bloating, and joint pain. She has elevated anti-tissue transglutaminase
immunoglobulin A, and a duodenal biopsy reveals flattened villi and
progression of crypt length and density in multiple areas. Which of the
following foods should be avoided indefinitely in a patient who is
diagnosed with this condition?
A Almonds
B Barley
C Lactose
D Oats
Barley
A 3-year-old boy presents to the clinic with his parents due to the
manifestations shown above. The parents also report the patient has had
a fever of 100.9°F or greater for five consecutive days. Physical
examination additionally reveals erythema and edema of the feet and
hands, cervical lymphadenopathy, and a polymorphous rash with macular,
,morbilliform, and targetoid lesions on the trunk and extremities. Which of
the following diagnostic tests is most appropriate at this time?
A Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate
B Elevated N-terminal moiety of B-type natriuretic peptide
C Mucosal tissue biopsy
D No laboratory tests are necessary
No laboratory tests are necessary
A 24-month-old girl presents to the clinic, brought by her mother, for a
routine visit. Which of the following screening questionnaires should be
administered at this time?
A Ages & Stages Questionnaire
B Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers
C Parents’ Evaluation of Developmental Status
D Vanderbilt Assessment Scales
Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers
A 5-year-old unvaccinated boy presents to the emergency department via
ambulance due to difficulty breathing. The patient’s mother reports earlier
that day he developed a high fever and sore throat and reported difficulty
swallowing. He rapidly declined at home. On examination, the patient is
toxic, restless, and in a tripod posture. He is drooling. Stridor is noted.
Epiglottitis is suspected. What intervention should be performed next?
A Bag valve mask ventilation
B Blood cultures
C Lateral neck X-ray
D Racemic epinephrine
Bag valve mask ventilation
A 16-year-old girl presents to the clinic with fatigue, hair and skin
changes, cold intolerance, and weight gain. Physical exam reveals delayed
deep tendon reflexes, facial and peripheral edema, and a hoarse voice.
, Which of the following tests would be most helpful in confirming a
diagnosis of Hashimoto thyroiditis?
A Diffusely atrophic thyroid gland on ultrasound
B Elevated serum antithyroglobulin antibodies
C Elevated serum thyroid-stimulating hormone
D Enlarged thyroid with scattered hyperechogenicity on ultrasound
Elevated serum antithyroglobulin antibodies
A 6-year-old girl presents to the clinic, and her mother is concerned about
enuresis. She has never had a prolonged period of nighttime urinary
continence. She has no daytime urinary symptoms. Urinalysis is normal,
and serum glucose is 90 mg/dL. Which of the following is the best initial
treatment?
A Desmopressin
B Enuresis alarm
C Motivational therapy
D Oxybutynin
Motivational therapy
An 18-month-old girl presents to the office with a two-week history of
sneezing, rhinorrhea, and a low-grade fever. A few days ago, she
developed a cough, which has become progressively worse. Last night, her
mother reports that her daughter had multiple instances of intense
coughing that lasted several minutes. After each episode, the child
seemed to have difficulty with inspiration, producing a very loud, high-
pitched “wheeze.” Which of the following antibiotics is the preferred
therapy for the suspected condition?
A Cephalosporins
B Fluoroquinolones
C Macrolides
D Penicillins
Macrolides
A 5-week-old boy presents to the clinic with his parent, who is concerned
that he is crying excessively. They state he cries 4 hours per day most
days of the week. The parent reports having postpartum depression.
There are no other symptoms, and exam findings are normal. Which of the
following is the most likely diagnosis?
A Child abuse
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