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Hematology Oncology (Rosh Review) with 100- correct answers(passed)
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Hematology Oncology (Rosh Review) with 100- correct answers(passed)
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Hematology/Oncology (RoshReview) with 100% correct
answers(passed)
(HIT) Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia - answer Type 1: PLT recovery
with or without heparin cessation
Type 2: autoimmune, venous/arterial thromboses
↓ in PLTs by 50%
Stop heparin, use direct thrombin inhibitor ==>(lepirudin, argatroban),
factor *Xa inhibitors (fondaparinux)* or heparinoids (danaproid)
G6PD Defficiency - answer X-linked recessive
Macrocytic anemia w/ increased reticulocytes and Heinz Bodies
Asymptomatic until exposed to oxidative stress
Antimalarials, sulfonamides (TMP-SMX), nitrofurantoin, methylene blue,
fava beans, vitamin K
Heinz bodies
Hemolytic anemia
Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction - answer *Immediate fever & chills*
HA, N/V, myalgias, hypotension, dark urine
TX:
1. Stop transfusion
2. Immediate vigorous crystalloid infusion
3. Diuretic therapy to maintain urine output at 1-2 mg/kg/hr
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) - answer Patient will be > 60 years
old
PE will show generalized lymphadenopathy
Labs will show isolated lymphocytosis, *smudge cells*
, Comments: Most common adult leukemia in western world and generalized
lymphadenopathy > 60 years old
• TX: palliative for early disease, chemo once disease becomes
symptomatic
• Classified w/ Rai, Binet
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency - answer Patient will be a vegan
Complaining of fatigue, weakness, and peripheral neuropathy
PE will show pallor and glossitis
Labs will show MCV > 100, hypersegmented neutrophils, elevated
homocysteine, elevated methylmalonic acid
Treatment is parenteral vitamin B12
Comments: only vitamin B12 deficiency results in neurological symptoms
Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) - answer Patient will be a
child 2 - 6 yrs old
With a history of recent viral infection
Complaining of red spots on skin or easy bleeding
PE will show *petechiae* (M/C sign), purpura, and gingival bleeding
Labs will show platelets < 50,000 µL
Most commonly caused by antiplatelet antibodies
Treatment is observation, steroids, IVIG *in patients with counts < 20,000-
30,000/µL and active bleeding.*
*Protects against Malaria*
Polycythemia Vera - answer Patient will be complaining of headache,
dizziness, pruritus after showering
PE will show hypertension, splenomegaly
Labs will show increased RBC mass, *Overproduction of all cell lines*
*Characterized by intermittent venous and arterial thrombosis*
Increased Hgb
Most commonly caused by mutation of the Janus kinase 2 gene (JAK2)
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