BIO 201 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1
MIDTERM EXAM 2024/2025 VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
What is gross anatomy
branch of anatomy that deals with the structure of organs and tissues that are
visible to the naked eye.
Define embryology, cytology & microscopic anatomy
...Embryology- development before birth, Cytology- cells of the body, Microscopic
Anatomy- structures to small to be seen with naked eye
The main component of the cytoplasm
...Cytosol
What is mitosis
...cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same # and kind of
chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth.
,Role of leptin in the body
...Leptin regulates energy intake and fat stores so that weight is maintained within
a relatively narrow range. "Leptin is a hormone made by fat cells, that decrease
appetite"
What is an organic molecule
...are the molecules of life and are built around chains of carbon atoms that are
often quite long.
Some functions of lysosomes
...they breakdown, degrade and digest safely within a cell
What type of epithelium would you find dense microvilli( lining intestines and
kidney tubules)
... simple cubodoidal epithelium
Where would you find Pseudostratified columnar epithelia
...ciliated is found in the trachea and upper respitory tract; non ciliated is found in
the male sperm
,Major functions of fat
...provides reserve fuel for cell, insulates against heat loss, supports and protects
organs
What is metabolism
... either Anabolism- which build larger molucules from smaller ones ( storage of
energy). Catabolism- which breaks down from complex molecules to simpler ones
( with the release of energy).
What do collagen fibers do for IVDs ( intervertebral discs)
...they provide strentgh with there crosslinks which resits being pulled apart, as
well as cushoining.
What produces the most ATPs during cellular respiration
...glucose, and the electron transport chain
What is a frontal section/cut
...through torso- divides the body by anterior(front) and posterior(back)
, Improperly digesting nutrients, may indicate a problem of which tissue layer
...simple epithelium
When does the body normally use proteins for energy (ATP)
...When the body is in starvation mode( doesnt have enough carbohydrate or fat
calories for Atp production.
Normal constituents of the plasma membrane
...seperates the inracellular fluid wihin the cell and the extracellular fluid outside
the cell.
What are endocrine glands
ductless glands - secrete hormones directly into blood or lymph ex. pituitary,
thyroid
What is phagocytosis
...cell eat- ingestion of bacteria or other material
The primary function of cellular respiration
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