Limited Government - ️️The idea that certain restrictions should be placed on
government to protect the natural rights of citizens. Habeas Corpus (bring the person to
the judge), ex post facto (cannot be prosecuted for something that was once legal but
now illegal), emoulument clause (no gov...
POSC 100 Exam 1 CSUF
Limited Government - ✔️✔️The idea that certain restrictions should be placed on
government to protect the natural rights of citizens. Habeas Corpus (bring the person to
the judge), ex post facto (cannot be prosecuted for something that was once legal but
now illegal), emoulument clause (no govt official can profit from any king, prince, or
nobility.
Shay's Rebellion - ✔️✔️Rebellion led by Daniel Shays of farmers in western
Massachusetts in 1786-1787, protesting mortgage foreclosures. It highlighted the need
for a strong national government just as the call for the Constitutional Convention went
out. It showed the fault with the articles of confederation because the gov't was so weak
it couldn't stop the rebellion.
Second Constitutional Convention - ✔️✔️12 states sent delegates to create a new
constitution. The framers were unhappy with the articles.
Articles of Confederation - ✔️✔️A weak constitution that governed America during the
Revolutionary War. Limited power of the federal government. Congress could not
regulate interstate commerce, couldn't tax, couldn't raise troops or ships, couldn't act on
individuals. No president. The states retained the most power, each state with one vote
in Congress. Weak standing in the international community.
Checks and Balances - ✔️✔️A system that allows each branch of government to limit
the powers of the other branches in order to prevent abuse of power.
Checks on Majority rule: people rule indirectly
Separation of Power:
executive (president):can veto congress, and appoint justices.
legislature (congress): can impeach justices, and send laws to the president.
judicial (supreme court): can stop the presidents with power of judicial review.
Great Compromise - ✔️✔️Equal representation in the Senate, proportional
representation in the House. For every 5 slaves, 3 will be counted for representation.
Natural Rights - ✔️✔️The idea that all humans are born with rights, which include the
right to life, liberty, and property.
, Excessive Democracy - ✔️✔️People with minimal political knowledge having a say in
politics.
Ratification Process - ✔️✔️The ratification of the Constitution required only nine of the
thirteen states (not unanimity, like the Articles of Confederation).
Dual Federalism - ✔️✔️A system of government in which both the states and the
national government remain supreme within their own spheres, each responsible for
some policies.
Supremacy Clause - ✔️✔️Federal law is supreme over state law
Implied Powers - ✔️✔️Powers that congress has that are not stated explicitly in the
constitution.
N Benefits of Federalism - ✔️✔️Makes us more democratic. A good combination of
unitary and a confederacy. Promotes diversity. "Laboratories of democracy". Fits with
the history of the powerful states.
ecessary and Proper Clause - ✔️✔️Clause of the Constitution (Article I, Section 8,
Clause 3) setting forth the implied powers of Congress. It states that Congress, in
addition to its express powers, has the right to make all laws necessary and proper to
carry out all powers the Constitution vests in the national government.
Cooperative Federalism - ✔️✔️A system of government in which powers and policy
assignments are shared between states and the national government.
Commerce Clause - ✔️✔️Clause stating that Congress can regulate interstate and
international commerce.
Reserved Powers - ✔️✔️Powers that the Constitution does not give to the national
government that are kept by the states. States Police Powers: marriage, education, and
voting.
Enumerated Powers - ✔️✔️The powers explicitly given to Congress in the Constitution.
(express powers)
Political Participation - ✔️✔️Conventional (working within the system) and
unconventional (riots, boycotts, protests, etc.)
Social Movements - ✔️✔️A large group of people who are organized to promote or
resist some social change. Run by political outsiders. "Grassroots" - starts from the
bottom and goes up.
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