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Saunders Intravenous Therapy Rn Nclex Latest Update 2024/2025
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Saunders Intravenous Therapy Rn Nclex Latest Update 2024/2025
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2/21/24, 4:17 PM Saunders Intravenous Therapy RN NclexC H AP T E R 13
Intravenous Therapy
PRIORITY CONCEPTS Fluids and
Electrolytes; Safety
v
CRITICALTHINKING What Should You Do? a
s
Aclient with a peripherally inserted central c
catheter (PICC) in the right upper u
extremity suddenly exhibits chest pain, l
dys- pnea, hypotension, and tachycardia. a
The nurse suspects an embolism related to r
the PICC line. What should the nurse do?
Answer located on p. 153. s
y
s
t
e
I. Intravenous Therapy
m
A. Purpose and uses
1. Used to sustain clients who are unable f
to take substances orally o
2. Replaces water, electrolytes, and r
nutrients more rapidly than oral
administration t
3. Provides immediate access to the h
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,2/21/24, 4:17 PM Saunders Intravenous Therapy RN Nclex
e rapid delivery of specific solutions 4. Co
with- out the time required for a.
gastrointestinal tract absorption b.
4. Provides a vascular route for the
administration of medication or blood c.
components
B. Types of solutions (Table 13-1)
A
d
icatio
n
This
is a
via
this
critic
al t
presc
rip
soluti
on
Alwa
ys
II. Intrave
A. IV can
1. Bu
a.
b.
c.
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,2/21/24, 4:17 PM Saunders Intravenous Therapy RN Nclex
1. Isotonic solutions d.
a. Have the same osmolality as body
fluids
b. Increase extracellular fluid volume
c. Do not enter the cells because no 2. Pl
osmotic force exists to shift the a
fluids a.
2. Hypotonic solutions
a. Are more dilute solutions and have
a lower osmolality than body fluids b.
b. Cause the movement of water into
cells by osmosis c.
c. Should be administered slowly to
prevent cellular edema B. IV gau
1. Th
144 3. Hypertonic solutions
a. Are more concentrated solutions
the
and have a higher osmolality than 2. Th
body fluids dia
b. Cause movement of water from cells ber
into the extracellular fluid by osmosis
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, 2/21/24, 4:17 PM Saunders Intravenous Therapy RN Nclex
TABLE 13-1 Types of Intravenous Solutions
Solution and Type Uses
0.9% saline (NS): Isotonic
Extra
c
sodiu
Used
Ringer’s lactate solution: Isotonic Extrac
bleed
5% dextrose in water (D5W): Isotonic at the time of Rep
administration; within a short time after la
administration, dextrose is metabolized and the Not
tonicity decreases in proportion to the osmolarity u
or tonicity of the nondextrose components dilu
(electrolytes) within the water (may become tio
hypotonic).
5% dextrose in 0.225% saline (5% D/ 1/ 4 NS): Use
Isotonic at the time of administration; within a short d
time after administration, dextrose is metabolized wa
and the tonicity decreases in proportion to the ter
osmolarityor tonicityofthe nondextrose components
(electrolytes) within the water (may become
hypertonic).
5% dextrose in 0.9% saline (5% D/ NS): Hypertonic
Ext
rac
sod
iu
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