10/14/24, 5:54 PM
GCU BIO-201 Exam 2 Review
Jeremiah
Terms in this set (121)
What are the two major divisions of the Axial skeleton
human skeleton? Appendicular skeleton: limbs and griddle
ligament bone to bone
Tendons muscle to bone
Support
Protection
Leverage
Six functions of bones
Mineral Storage
Storage of Lipids
Blood Cell Formation
Support Hard framework that supports body and cradles soft organs
Protection fused bone of skull, vertebrae, and rib cage
Leverage skeletal muscles use bones as levels for movement
Mineral Storage calcium and phosphate
storage of lipids yellow marrow
blood cell formation (hematopoiesis) RBC and within marrow cavities of certain bone
Identify common bone markings, using the Surface features of bones
proper anatomical terminology (more Sites of attachments for muscles, tendons, and ligaments
appropriate for the lab portion of this Passages for nerve and blood vessels
course).
Projections and processes: grow out from the bone surface
Categories of bone markings:
Depressions or cavities: indentations
shaft and two ends, made mostly of compact bone but contains spongy bone inside
classifications of bones: Long Bone
of it.
Femur
Tibia
Examples of a long bone Fibula
Humerus
Fingers in hands
cube like and contains mostly spongey bone, compact bone provides thin surface
classifications of bones: short bone
layer
Carpus (wrist)
examples of short bone
Tarsus (ankle)
thin, flattened, and usually a bit curved; thin layer of compact bone around a layer of
classifications of bones: flat bone
spongey bone.
1/6
, 10/14/24, 5:54 PM
Sternum
Ribs
examples of flat bone
Skull
Scapula
classifications of bones: irregular bone bones that do not fit above classification
Vertebrae
examples of irregular bone Patella
Hip
classifications of bones: suture bone small, irregular bone
examples of suture bone lambdoid, sagittal, coronal, squamosal (found between bones of skull)
classifications of bones: sesamoid bones small and flat develop inside tendons near knees, hands, and feet
examples of sesamoid bone patella, some found in wrists
Diaphysis shaft of long bone, made of compact bone
Metaphysis where diaphysis and epiphysis meet
Ends of bone, articulates with other bones
Epiphysis (proximal and distal)
Mostly has spongy bone and covered with compact bone
Covers the external parts of the epiphyses
Articular cartilage Made of hyaline cartilage
Decreases friction at joint surface
Supports body
Protects organs
Compact bone (cortical bone)
Provides movement
Stores and releases chemical elements like calcium
irregularly-shaped sheets and spikes of bone (trabeculae). The trabeculae are only a
few cell layers thick. The spaces between the trabeculae contain red or yellow
Spongy bone (cancellous bone)
marrow, depending on a person's age and on which bone it is.
yellow bone and red marrow
Yellow marrow made of fat cells used as energy stores
Red marrow found in spongy bone, blood cell formation
the part of the bone that replaces the epiphyseal growth plate in long bones once a
Epiphyseal line
person has reached their full adult height.
Cavity of the shaft
Medullary cavity Contains yellow marrow in adults
Contains red marrow in infants
2/6
GCU BIO-201 Exam 2 Review
Jeremiah
Terms in this set (121)
What are the two major divisions of the Axial skeleton
human skeleton? Appendicular skeleton: limbs and griddle
ligament bone to bone
Tendons muscle to bone
Support
Protection
Leverage
Six functions of bones
Mineral Storage
Storage of Lipids
Blood Cell Formation
Support Hard framework that supports body and cradles soft organs
Protection fused bone of skull, vertebrae, and rib cage
Leverage skeletal muscles use bones as levels for movement
Mineral Storage calcium and phosphate
storage of lipids yellow marrow
blood cell formation (hematopoiesis) RBC and within marrow cavities of certain bone
Identify common bone markings, using the Surface features of bones
proper anatomical terminology (more Sites of attachments for muscles, tendons, and ligaments
appropriate for the lab portion of this Passages for nerve and blood vessels
course).
Projections and processes: grow out from the bone surface
Categories of bone markings:
Depressions or cavities: indentations
shaft and two ends, made mostly of compact bone but contains spongy bone inside
classifications of bones: Long Bone
of it.
Femur
Tibia
Examples of a long bone Fibula
Humerus
Fingers in hands
cube like and contains mostly spongey bone, compact bone provides thin surface
classifications of bones: short bone
layer
Carpus (wrist)
examples of short bone
Tarsus (ankle)
thin, flattened, and usually a bit curved; thin layer of compact bone around a layer of
classifications of bones: flat bone
spongey bone.
1/6
, 10/14/24, 5:54 PM
Sternum
Ribs
examples of flat bone
Skull
Scapula
classifications of bones: irregular bone bones that do not fit above classification
Vertebrae
examples of irregular bone Patella
Hip
classifications of bones: suture bone small, irregular bone
examples of suture bone lambdoid, sagittal, coronal, squamosal (found between bones of skull)
classifications of bones: sesamoid bones small and flat develop inside tendons near knees, hands, and feet
examples of sesamoid bone patella, some found in wrists
Diaphysis shaft of long bone, made of compact bone
Metaphysis where diaphysis and epiphysis meet
Ends of bone, articulates with other bones
Epiphysis (proximal and distal)
Mostly has spongy bone and covered with compact bone
Covers the external parts of the epiphyses
Articular cartilage Made of hyaline cartilage
Decreases friction at joint surface
Supports body
Protects organs
Compact bone (cortical bone)
Provides movement
Stores and releases chemical elements like calcium
irregularly-shaped sheets and spikes of bone (trabeculae). The trabeculae are only a
few cell layers thick. The spaces between the trabeculae contain red or yellow
Spongy bone (cancellous bone)
marrow, depending on a person's age and on which bone it is.
yellow bone and red marrow
Yellow marrow made of fat cells used as energy stores
Red marrow found in spongy bone, blood cell formation
the part of the bone that replaces the epiphyseal growth plate in long bones once a
Epiphyseal line
person has reached their full adult height.
Cavity of the shaft
Medullary cavity Contains yellow marrow in adults
Contains red marrow in infants
2/6
