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Med Surg Exam IA Study Guide with
Complete Solutions
Physical Immunity - Answer✔✔-Skin Conjunctivae
Mechanical Immunity - Answer✔✔-- Sloughing cells
- Coughing/sneezing
- Mucus
- Ciliary action
- Vomiting
- Urination/defecation
- Swallowing
Secretions - Answer✔✔-Saliva, Tears, Earwax, Sweat, Sebum
Normal Flora - Answer✔✔-Intestinal Vaginal
Biochemical Immunity - Answer✔✔-Secretions, Normal Flora
Adaptive Immunity - Answer✔✔-Selects how to destroy specific invaders
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Ex: antibodies
Inflammatory response to cell injury - Answer✔✔-Prevents/limits entry of invaders into the
body
Innate Immunity (first line) - Answer✔✔-Physical, mechanical, secretions, normal flora
Innate immunity (second line) - Answer✔✔-Inflammatory response to cell injury, adaptive
immunity
Bone marrow, appendix, peyer's patches, spleen, thymus, tonsils, lymph nodes, lymphatic
vessels, appendix, adenoids - Answer✔✔-The immune system:
Lymph node, spleen, b cells, liver, thymus gland - Answer✔✔-Immune system organs
Histamine and kinins -> vasodilation and leakiness -> edema -> pain - Answer✔✔-Innate
immune VASCULAR response:
Margination/emigration of WBC -> chemotaxis/phagocytosis -> prostaglandins / leukotrienes /
cytokines - Answer✔✔-Innate immune CELLULAR response:
T = Greater than 100.5 or 38 C
P = > 90
Resp = > 2
WBC = > 12,000 or > 10% bands - Answer✔✔-Inflammation signs:
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Septic - Answer✔✔-Inflammation causes risk for:
Edema, malaise, anorexia, achy, weak, redness, pain, function loss - Answer✔✔-S/S of
inflammation:
Local inflammation - Answer✔✔-- Endothelial cell activation
- Complement activation
- Monocyte, macrophage, and neutrophil activation
Systemic effects - Answer✔✔-Fever (brain), acute-phase reactants (liver), leukocytes (bone)
Septic shock - Answer✔✔-Low cardiac output, lower peripheral resistance
- Blood vessel injury, thrombosis, DIC
- ARDs
Drop in BP - Answer✔✔-What might infer septic shock?
Protein/amino acids - Answer✔✔-What are cells made up of?
ATP - Answer✔✔-Cell energy is?
Glucose and O2 - Answer✔✔-What makes ATP?
Breathing, carbs - Answer✔✔-Where does the body get glucose and O2 to make ATP?
Zinc, Copper, Vitamin C, A, B, K - Answer✔✔-Major foods/minerals that give energy?
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Steroid - Answer✔✔-What type of drug would you not want to give a diabetic?
Sed Rate, C-Reactive Protein - Answer✔✔-Inflammation lab tests
Increase - Answer✔✔-An ___ in Sed Rate means there is a lot of inflammation occurring
- WILL NOT SAY WHERE PAIN IS LOCATED
Bone marrow - Answer✔✔-Where are WBC made?
Fight infection - Answer✔✔-What are WBC jobs?
RBC, WBC, platelets - Answer✔✔-What is made in bone marrow?
4,000 - 10,000 - Answer✔✔-Normal range of WBC
(Segmented neutrophils X bands)/100 X WBC - Answer✔✔-Absolute neutrophil count formula:
(Segmented neutrophils + bands)/100 X WBC - Answer✔✔-Absolute neutrophil count formula:
Neutrophils - Answer✔✔-What type of WBC deal with bacterial infections?
Lymphocytes - Answer✔✔-Second greatest amt of WBC?
- 20 - 40%
Shift to the left - Answer✔✔-When bands show up in the bloodstream
650 mg - Answer✔✔-Aspirin must be above __ to get anti-inflammatory effects
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