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CIC Exam Study Cards 2022 With Complete Solutions.
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10/14/24, 10:52 PMCIC Exam Study Cards 2022
Jeremiah
Terms in this set (630)
Type I error Rejecting null hypothesis when it is true
Type II error failing to reject a false null hypothesis
Follows a group of people to track risk factors and outcomes overtime
Groups are defined regarding their EXPOSURE to a factor of interest.
(perspective or longitudinal studies)
Followed-up to determine differences in rates at which disease develops in relation
to exposure.
cohort study
Start with a sample of individuals with and without EXPOSURE to a potential risk
factors who are followed for incidence of the outcome in each group. They can also
be done retrospectively. Cohort studies have less patient selection and stronger
evidence of causal association.
Yields incidence rates, relative risk, attributable risk
More EXPENSIVE
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Compares histories of a group of people with a condition to a group of people
without the condition.
Begins with the identification of individuals who have the OUTCOME of interest.
After case-control status is defined, exposures are assessed and evaluated.
Good for studying rare outcomes or outcomes that develop over a long time.
Determine if two groups differ in exposure.
Case-control study
(Case reference, case comparison. Or retrospective studies)
Examine the population of individuals with and without an outcome of interest, study
for exposure to one or more risk factors. The studies are quicker, less expensive, and
easier.
Generally yields only estimate of relative risk (odds ratio).
Example: Foodborne illness investigations
Assesses the prevalence of an outcome in a broad population at one point in time.
Provide a "snapshot" of a population at a moment in time.
Point Prevalence.
cross-sectional study
(Prevalence, correlation or survey studies)
Exam in the outcome and risk factors reviewed in a population group at one point in
time. In the studies the outcomes are measured the incidence rate cannot be
determined.
case reports/series Detailed history of a small number of individual cases
quasi-experiment Non-randomly assigned groups of patients to receive either a treatment or placebo
Randomly selects a group of patients to receive a treatment and Another to receive
Randomized-controlled trial
placebo
systematic review and meta-analysis Collects all previous studies on the topic and statistically combined their results
The ability of a test to detect ALL TRUE cases of the disease.
= (Number of true-positive results) / (the number of true-positive + false-negative
results)
Sensitivity
High sensitivity = High False Positives.
High sensitivity = TRUE NEGATIVES. You will not have any false negative tests.
The ability of a test to correctly identify a negative result.
= (Number of true-Negative results) + (Number of False-Positive results)
Specificity
High Specificity = TRUE POSITIVES. you will not have any false positive tests.
High chance for false negatives.
CIC Exam
Positive Study
Predictive Cards 2022
Value (PPV) TP/(TP+FP)
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