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Exam (elaborations)

APEA 3P Exam Study Guide with Verified Solutions

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APEA 3P Exam Study Guide with Verified Solutions Most common type of skin cancer in USA - Answer-Skin cancer Most common type of skin cancer - Answer-basal cell carcinoma basal cell carcinoma symptoms - Answer-Appearance varies; smooth, shiny bump, pink to pearly white Basal cell carcinoma co...

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  • October 15, 2024
  • 54
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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  • APEA 3P
  • APEA 3P
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Emillect
EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR ©2024 EMILLECT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024.




APEA 3P Exam Study Guide with
Verified Solutions

Most common type of skin cancer in USA - Answer✔✔-Skin cancer


Most common type of skin cancer - Answer✔✔-basal cell carcinoma


basal cell carcinoma symptoms - Answer✔✔-Appearance varies; smooth, shiny bump, pink to

pearly white


Basal cell carcinoma common locations - Answer✔✔-cheeks, nose, face, neck, arms, back


basal cell carcinoma diagnosis gold standard - Answer✔✔-biopsy. if not an option, refer to derm


Actinic keratosis - Answer✔✔-Precursor to squamous cell carcinoma


numerous dry, round and pink to red lesions w/ rough and scaly texture


--> does not heal, slow growing in sun exposed areas


Actinic keratosis diagnosis gold standard - Answer✔✔-Biopsy.


if not an option, refer to derm


Actinic keratosis treatment gold standard - Answer✔✔-small- cryotherapy


large- number 5-FU (5-flouracil aka efudex). 5-FU medication Causes skin to ooze, crust, scab

and be red


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,EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR ©2024 EMILLECT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024.



**5-flouracil/ efudex-wear sunscreen!!**


squamous cell cancer - Answer✔✔-chronic red scaly rough textured lesion w/ irregular borders


crusting or bleeding may be present


Squamous cell carcinoma common locations - Answer✔✔-rims of ears, lips, nose, face and top

of hands


precursor lesion to squamous cell cancer - Answer✔✔-actinic keratosis


squamous cell carcinoma diagnosis by? - Answer✔✔-biopsy gold standard. if biopsy is not an

option, refer to dermatology .


Risk factors for skin cancer(melanoma and both non-melanoma) - Answer✔✔-Blistering

sunburn as a child, history of sunburns, light skin, chronic exposure to UV light (sunlight/tanning

beds), moles, family hx for skin cancer


Melanoma symptoms (ABCDE) - Answer✔✔-asymmetry (shape/uneven texture)


border (irregular/notched/blurred)


color (variegated colors from black, blue, dark to light brown)


diameter (size >6mm size of pencil eraser or larger)


evolving (changes in color/size/shape)


may be itchy




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,EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR ©2024 EMILLECT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024.



Acral lengtiginous melanoma - Answer✔✔-Most common type of melanoma in dark skinned

individuals (blacks & asians)


--> look for longitudinal brown to black bands under the nailbed. a changing spot or mole in the

palms, or the soles of the feet


seborrheic keratosis - Answer✔✔-soft, round, wart-like growth that is light tan to black and

looks pasted on


asymptomatic &benign


Bacterial Meningitis Bacteria - Answer✔✔-Streptococcus pneumoniae- most common strain


Haemophilus influenzae


Neisseria meningitidis


Escherichia coli


*others


Bacterial meningitis symptoms (Classic Triad) - Answer✔✔-High fever


Nuchal rigidity


rapid change in mental status w/ headache


Triad=neck up


erythematous spot-like rash (petechiae) ecchymosis to purple-colored lesions (purpura) which

are non-blanchable


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, EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR ©2024 EMILLECT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024.



Is bacterial meningitis a reportable disease - Answer✔✔-yes!


Treatment for Bacterial meningitis-patient - Answer✔✔-IV Abx ASAP, resp/droplet iso for first

24-48 hrs, hydrate (low maintenance after initial fluid correction), Maintain ventilation and

reduce increased intra cranial pressure if present (dexamethosone(to reduce inflammation,

mannitol to diurese the brain), low stim environment, tx complications that may arrive and

support family


Treatment for bacterial meningitis-close encounter - Answer✔✔-Close contacts should be

treated w/ rifampin 600 mg q 12 hours x 2 days


**Rifampin changes urine color to reddish orange and can stain contacts




**AVOID RIFAMPIN IN PREGNANCY


Brudzinkski sign (meningeal irritation) - Answer✔✔-Tests for meningeal irritation


Patient supine, raise BACK of head and flex chin towards chest


+ result if pt automatically beds both hips


--Brudzinski and back of head start with B as well as bends--


Kernig's sign - Answer✔✔-Tests for meningeal irritation


patient supine. flex patients hips and knees in a right angle, then slowly straighten/extend the

legs up



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