*"Chemistry of Carbohydrates and Amino Acids: Foundations of Biomolecules"*
This comprehensive document delves into the fundamental principles of carbohydrate and amino acid chemistry, crucial components of biochemistry. It provides an in-depth exploration of:
Carbohydrates:
- Classificati...
, CARBOHYDRATES
• Carbohydrates are the most abundant
macromolecules in nature.
• They are rich in hydroxyl groups.
• Carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehydes or
ketones or compounds which give these substances
on hydrolysis.
• It contain the elements Carbon, hydrogen and
oxygen.
• Carbohydrates has the general molecular formula of
CnH2nOn or (CH2O)n, where n > 3.
, CLASSIFICATION
Carbohydrates are generally classified into three
groups:
Monosaccharides (Greek, mono = one)
Oligosaccharides (Greek, oligo= few) 2-10
monosaccharide units.
Polysaccharides (Greek, Poly = many) >10
monosaccharide units.
, MONOSACCHARIDES
• They are the simplest sugars and cannot be
hydrolyzed into smaller units.
• Has general formula of Cn(H2O)n or CnH2nOn.
• Monosaccharides are important fuel
molecules as well as building blocks for nucleic
acids.
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