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NBME CBSE ACTUAL TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024/2025(Quiz bank with all the correct answers)(usmle step 1)Medical examination $17.99   Add to cart

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NBME CBSE ACTUAL TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024/2025(Quiz bank with all the correct answers)(usmle step 1)Medical examination

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  • NBME CBSE ACTU
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  • NBME CBSE ACTU

NBME CBSE ACTUAL TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024/2025(Quiz bank with all the correct answers)(usmle step 1)Medical examination

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  • October 15, 2024
  • 283
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • NBME CBSE ACTU
  • NBME CBSE ACTU
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wisePediatricdoctor
NBME CBSE ACTUAL TEST QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS 2024/2025(Quiz bank with
all the correct answers)(usmle step
1)Medical examination




Type II pneumocytes - -----ANSWER---->surfactant (*lecithin*)

Proliferate after injury

Type I progenitors

*Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome*



Polio live v killed vaccine - -----ANSWER---->Killed = Salk = IgG



Live = Sabin = IgG + IgA

- can be shed in feces



Neonatal Respiratory Distress:

Etiology + Tx - -----ANSWER---->Maternal DM (*high insulin*)

or C-section (*low cortisol*)

TX: *dexamethasone* before birth



Lung maturity determined with - -----ANSWER---->Amniocentesis of Phospholipids (*type II
pneumocytes)

L >> S

,Type I pneumocytes - -----ANSWER---->Squamous gas diffusion



Elastase in lungs - -----ANSWER---->macrophage: *lysosomes*

PMN: *azuronphilic granules*



Elastin stretches and recoils due to - -----ANSWER---->Lysine interchain crosslinks



air pressure and

intrapleural pressure at FRC - -----ANSWER---->Air pressure = 0

Intrapleural pressure = -5



Pulm Vasc Resistance is lowest during - -----ANSWER---->Exhale of Tidal Volume



Lung Compliance is decreased by - -----ANSWER---->LHF, pulmonary edema,

pulmonary fibrosis



Lung Compliance is increased by - -----ANSWER---->emphysema, age



Obesity affects ERV and FRC - -----ANSWER---->DECREASE

ERV & FRC



Blood flow/min (pulmonary v systemic) - -----ANSWER---->pulmonary = systemic



Anatomic pulmonary shunting - -----ANSWER---->Bronchial circulation causes

*decreased PO2 in LA/LV*

than in pulmonary capillaries



More ventilation is at the - -----ANSWER---->BASE

,O2-Hgb dissociation LEFT shift - -----ANSWER---->basic, cold, low 2,3 BPG

low pO2 (compensatory erythrocytosis)



O2-Hgb dissociation RIGHT shift - -----ANSWER---->low pH, high 2,3BPG, high T

HOT, ACIDIC



CO2 transport to lungs - -----ANSWER---->*carbonic anhydrase*

Cl shift

*Haldane*: CO2 released to lung

(*Bohr*: O2 release to tissue)



CO poisoning causes - -----ANSWER---->carboxyhemoglobin

no affect on PaO2



Cyanide poisoning causes - -----ANSWER---->lactic acidosis



How to treat cyanide poisoning - -----ANSWER---->*Amyl nitrite* --> Methemoglobin

THEN *Thiosulfate* (hydroxycobalamin)



Normal A-a gradient - -----ANSWER---->5-15



Hypoventilation: Heroin OD or high altitude



Increased A-a gradient - -----ANSWER---->*Diffusion impairment* (fibrosis)

*R-L shunt* (aspiration, ARDS)

*V/Q mismatch* (pulmonary edema



AT --> AT II

, where and how - -----ANSWER---->ACE

(- high in sarcoidosis)

In small pulmonary bV



C5a induces what - -----ANSWER---->PMN influx (ie: in lungs)



Korotkoff sound - -----ANSWER---->BP cuff - appear and disappear

in inflation/deflation



Pulsus Paradoxus - -----ANSWER---->10mmHg difference in

Korotkoff sound



Pulsus Paradoxus occurs in - -----ANSWER---->Cardiac Tamponade



Kussmaul sign - -----ANSWER---->JVP rises *during inspiration*

Constrictive Pericardiditis



Restrictive/Interstitial Lung Disease:

A-a, FVC, FEV1, EFR - -----ANSWER---->Airway widening due to *radial traction* from fibrosis

*increase Aa*

decreased FVC & FEV1

*Increased EFR*



Sarcoidosis - -----ANSWER---->*Th1 *noncaseating granulmona

bilateral hilar adenopathy

increased *ACE*

increased IL2, IFNg

1-a-hydroxylase in macrophages: vit D --> *HyperCa*

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