AQA A LEVEL CHEMISTRY PAPER 1 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
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AQA A LEVEL CHEMISTRY
Institution
AQA A LEVEL CHEMISTRY
AQA A LEVEL CHEMISTRY PAPER 1
UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
TOF steps - CORRECT ANSWER- 1) ionisation
2) acceleration
3) ion drift
4) detection
5) analysis
Electron impact - CORRECT ANSWER- Sample vaporised and electron gun fires high
energy electrons at it which knock off...
AQA A LEVEL CHEMISTRY PAPER 1
UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
TOF steps - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- 1) ionisation
2) acceleration
3) ion drift
4) detection
5) analysis
Electron impact - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Sample vaporised and electron gun fires high
energy electrons at it which knock off 1 electron from each particle, making them 1+ ions
NB- can knock off more than one e or break molecular ion
electrospray ionization - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Sample dissolved in volatile solvent
then injected through needle to give fine mist which is attached to positive end of high
voltage power supply, particles gain proton
NB- Mr of substance is actually one less than shown due to extra H+
Acceleration (TOF) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- positive ions accelerated using electric
field so they all have the same kinetic energy
Ion drift (TOF) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- particles with small mass have larger velocity
do ions start to separate with lightest ions reaching detector first
Detection (TOF) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- positive ions hit negatively charged plate and
gain an electron which forms a current, the larger the current the higher the abundance
Analysis (TOF) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- -computer uses data to produce mass spectrum
which shows mass m / charge z ratio
-mr or ar is furthest right peak (small peaks larger than mr are due to isotopes)
-may be large peaks at lower mr due to fragmentation
, Electron spin - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Property of electron (CW or ACW)
Represented by up and down arrows
Orbitals - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Defined regions of space around nucleus where
electrons most likely to be found, each orbital holds 2 electrons
Hund's Rule - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Electrons prefer to occupy orbitals on their own
and only pair up when no empty or bait ask of same energy are available
exceptions to electron configuration - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- chromium and copper,
only take one electron in 4s orbital
Why does ionization energy decrease down a group? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Atoms get
bigger so electrons further away from nucleus, greater shielding
Why does ionization energy increase across a period? - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Atoms
get smaller, nuclear charge increases, similar shielding
Dip in ionisation energy groups 2-3 - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Electrons take up higher
orbital (s to p) which makes ionisation energy lower as higher orbitals have higher energy
Dip in ionisation energy groups 5-6 - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- Electron- electron
repulsion in orbital makes electron easier to lose
Relative atomic mass - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- The average mass of an atom of an
element/ 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12
Empirical formula - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔- The simplest whole number ratio of atoms
of each element present in a compound
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