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Earth System Sciences Exam 1 Chapters 1 – 7 Questions with Correct Answers
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Which of the following internal layers of the Earth is the most dense? A.) crust B.) inner core C.) mantle D.) outer core - Answer-inner core The crust is... A.) thickest in continents B.) thickest in oceans C.) about the same thickness in both continents and oceans D.) of a com...

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  • October 15, 2024
  • 16
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • earth system sciences exam 1 chapters 1 7 questi
  • which of the following internal layers of the eart

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Earth System Sciences Exam 1 Chapters
1 – 7 Questions with Correct Answers
Which of the following internal layers of the Earth is the most dense?

A.) crust
B.) inner core
C.) mantle
D.) outer core - Answer-inner core

The crust is...

A.) thickest in continents
B.) thickest in oceans
C.) about the same thickness in both continents and oceans
D.) of a completely unknown thickness - Answer-thickest in continents

Where do the plate-driving forces originate?

A.) tectonic plates are passively dragged by convection currents
B.) gravity pulls and /or pushes old, cold , heavy lithosphere
C.) injection of magma from the mantle pushes the lithosphere apart
D.) earthquake causes the plate to move - Answer-tectonic plates are passively
dragged by convection currents

Earth's magnetic poles...

A.) reverse at irregular intervals
B.) consist of four poles
C.) are generated by a permanently magnetized inner core
D.) are very stable and does not change - Answer-reverse at irregular intervals

The youngest ocean crust is located...

A.) along the ocean ridges
B.) in the oceanic trenches
C.) around hot spots
D.) on the abyssal seafloor - Answer-along the ocean ridges

Along a transform plate boundary, the two plates

A.) move apart to create a widening Rift Valley
B.) are being consumed by subduction
C.) are being forced together to produce a mountain system

,D.) move horizontally past each other - Answer-move horizontally past each other

The name given to the supercontinent that broke up in the Early Jurassic (195 Ma)
was...

A.) India
B.) Laurasia
C.) Atlantis
D.) Pangaea - Answer-Pangaea

Magnetic anomalies in the seafloor are caused by...

A.) magnetic reversals recorded by lavas erupted at oceanic spreading centers
B.) changes in the atomic structure of the minerals in response to changing ocean depth
C.) the metamorphism of deep-sea sediments
D.) the heating up of a subjecting oceanic lithosphere as it plunges deeper into the
mantle - Answer-magnetic reversals recorded by lavas erupted at oceanic spreading
centers

Rift valley are associated with...

A.) convergent boundaries
B.) divergent boundaries
C.) transform boundaries
D.) active continental margins - Answer-divergent boundaries

The are an example of a collision zone between two pieces of continental crust riding on
converging lithospheric plates.

A.) Himalayan Mountains
B.) Island of Japan
C.) Aleutian Islands in Alaska
D.) Andes Mountains in South America - Answer-Himalayan Mountains

and are examples of minerals with identical chemical compositions but different crystal
structures.

A.) graphite diamond
B.) pyrite, gypsum
C.) hematite, magnetite
D.) calcite, dolomite - Answer-graphite diamond

The term geologists use for a naturally occurring aggregate of minerals is...

A.) crystal
B.) compound

, C.) rock
D.) element - Answer-rock

Which of the following statements is NOT true of minerals?

A.) they are organic
B.) they are crystalline
C.) they are naturally occurring
D.) they posses a definite chemical composition - Answer-they are organic

The most common mineral group on Earth is...

A.) carbonates
B.) oxides
C.) hallides
D.) silicates - Answer-silicates

The characteristic of certain minerals to break along planes of weakness is called...

A.) hardness
B.) cleavage
C.) luster
D.) crystal symmetry - Answer-cleavage

Iron and magnesium ions are similar in size and both have a +2 charge. Therefore we
would expect iron and magnesium to...

A.) form minerals with different crystal structures
B.) share electrons
C.) substitute for each other within the crystal structure of minerals
D.) bond easily - Answer-substitute for each other within crystal structure of minerals

Lithification is the process that converts sediments into solid rock by...

A.) pressure cooking
B.) cementation and compaction
C.) subduction
D.) cooling and crystallization - Answer-cementation and compaction

Contact metamorphism...

A.) is characteristic of continental collisions zones
B.) occurs in areas where magma intrudes and metamorphoses neighboring rock
C.) occurs in areas of very high temperature and pressure like subduction zones
D.) extends over very large areas - Answer-occurs in areas where magma intrudes and
metamorphoses neighboring rock

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