gradually increasing then decreasing rate and depth in a cycle lasting from
Cheyne-Stokes Breathing 30-180 seconds, with periods of apnea lasting up to 60 seconds
Cause: Increased intracranial pressure, brainstem inury, drug overdose
increased respiratory rate and depth with irregular periods of apnea. Each
Biot's Breathing breath has the same depth
Cause: CNS problem
pulse/blood pressure varies with respiration. May indicate severe air
Paradoxical pulse/pulsus paradoxus trapping (status asthmaticus, tension pneumothorax, cardica tampanade)-
felt on exhalation
-pulmonary atelectasis
Tracheal deviation pulled toward the
-pulmonary fibrosis
abnormal side (same side of
-pneumonectomy
pathology)
-diaphragmatic paralysis
-massive pleural effusion
Tracheal deviation pushed to the
-tension pneumothorax
normal side (opposite side of
-neck or thyroid tumors
pathology)
-large mediastinal mass
Crepitus or Extrapulmonary air subcutaneous emphysema
Resonant normal air-filled lung
Flat normally heard over the sternus, muscle, or areas of atelctasis
normally heard over fluid-filled organs such as the heart or liver. Pleural
Dull
effusion or pneumonia will cause this thudding sound
normally heard over air-filled stomach. This is a drum-like sound and
Tympanic
indicated increased volume when heard over the lungs
booming sound that can be heard in an area of the lung where either a
Hyperresonant
pneumothorax or emphysema may be present.
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