,1. Question: What is the principle behind Magnetic Resonance
Imaging (MRI) which is used extensively in medical diagnostics?
- A) X-ray diffraction
- B) Nuclear magnetic resonance
- C) Ultrasonic wave reflection
- D) Electromagnetic radiation absorption
Answer: B) Nuclear magnetic resonance
Rationale: MRI employs nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
to create detailed images of organs and tissues in the body,
exploiting the magnetic properties of hydrogen atoms in water.
2. Question: In the context of sound waves used in
ultrasonography, which of the following factors primarily affects
the resolution of an ultrasound image?
- A) Wavelength of sound
- B) Speed of sound
- C) Intensity of sound
- D) Duration of sound pulse
Answer: A) Wavelength of sound
Rationale: The resolution of an ultrasound image is directly
related to the wavelength of the sound; shorter wavelengths
provide better resolution.
Answer: C) Alpha particles
Rationale: Alpha particles are highly ionizing due to their
large mass and charge, though they have low penetration depth.
4. Question: When treating cancer, external beam radiation
therapy utilizes which of the following to target malignant cells?
- A) Ultrasound waves
- B) Gamma rays
- C) Microwaves
- D) Radon gas
Answer: B) Gamma rays
Rationale: Gamma rays are high-energy electromagnetic
waves used in radiation therapy to destroy cancer cells due to
their deep tissue penetration capability.
5. Question: Doppler ultrasound is an important diagnostic tool
in cardiology. What physical principle underlies this technology?
- A) Snell's Law
- B) Reflection of sound
- C) Doppler effect
- D) Refraction of light
Answer: C) Doppler effect
Rationale: The Doppler effect refers to the change in
frequency or wavelength of a wave with respect to an observer
moving relative to the source of waves, utilized in measuring
blood flow velocities.
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