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CMSRN – Cardiac Exam/ Actual Exam Questions with Correct Verified Answers/ Rated A+
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CMSRN – Cardiac Exam/ Actual Exam Questions with Correct Verified Answers/ Rated A+
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1CMSRN – Cardiac Exam/ Actual Exam Questions
with Correct Verified Answers/ Rated A+
What are the types of coronary ischemia? - ANSWER - Stable angina, unstable angina,
and AMI
What interventions are needed for coronary ischemia? - ANSWER - Stress echo,
nuclear perfusion imaging or cardiac catheterization
What is stable angina? - ANSWER - Exercise-induced chest pain relieved by rest or
nitroglycerin
What is unstable angina? - ANSWER - Angina that is either new in onset or differs from
a patient's typical stable angina pattern. Pain at rest does not respond to nitroglycerin.
Precursor to MI.
What causes unstable angina? - ANSWER - Rupture of plaque with w/thrombus and
incomplete occlusion of coronary artery
What EKG changes are seen with unstable angina? - ANSWER - T-wave inversion, or
ST depression, occasionally ST elevation.
What are AHA core measures for chest pain? - ANSWER - EKG within 10 minutes,
thrombolytic within 30 minutes, Cath-lab within 90 minutes
Classic signs/symptoms of MI - ANSWER - Chest pressure/pain, radiates to jaw/left
arm, not relieved by sublingual nitro, SOB, diaphoretic, pallor, anxiety, nausea/vomiting
, 2
Digoxin toxicity s/s - ANSWER - Yellow-tinged vision, Halos
Vomiting
Headaches
Fatigue
How do diuretics work? - ANSWER - Causes the body to rid itself of excess fluids and
sodium through urination. Helps to reduce the heart's workload. Also decreases the
buildup of fluid in the lungs and other parts of the body, such as the ankles and legs.
Different diuretics remove fluid at varied rates and through different methods.
Why are diuretics prescribed? - ANSWER - Used to help lower blood pressure.
Used to help reduce swelling (edema) from excess buildup of fluid in the body.
Commonly prescribed vasodilators - ANSWER - Isosorbide dinitrate (Isoradial)
Isosorbide mononitrate (Imdur)
Hydralazine (Arecoline)
Nitroglycerin (Nitro Bid, Nitro Stat)
Minoxidil
What do vasodilators do? - ANSWER - Relaxes blood vessels and decreases blood
pressure.
A category of vasodilators called nitrates increases the supply of blood and oxygen to
the heart while reducing its workload which can ease chest pain (angina).
Atypical MI symptoms - ANSWER - Fatigue, palpitations, dizziness, acute CHF,
pulmonary edema, silent myocardial ischemia, sudden cardiac arrest
Who is at risk for atypical MI presentation? - ANSWER - Women, elderly, diabetics
, 3
Why are beta blockers given for MI? - ANSWER - They decrease myocardial demand
and increase filling time
Why are ACE inhibitors given for MI? - ANSWER - They help decrease left-ventricular
remodeling, help decrease afterload
Why are statins given for MI? - ANSWER - They are anti-inflammatory, usually given 12-
24 hrs. after MI
What meds are given to prevent future MI? - ANSWER - Beta blockers, ACE inhibitors,
statins
What variables do we monitor during chest pain for core measures? - ANSWER - EKG,
Basic hemodynamics (Cardiac output, stroke volume)
What do anticoagulants do - ANSWER - Decreases the clotting (coagulating) ability of
the blood. Sometimes called blood thinners, although they do not actually thin the blood.
They do NOT dissolve existing blood clots. Used to treat certain blood vessel, heart and
lung conditions.
Why prescribe anticoagulants? - ANSWER - Helps to prevent harmful clots from forming
in the blood vessels. May prevent the clots from becoming larger and causing more
serious problems. Often prescribed to prevent first or recurrent stroke.
Antiplatelet Agents and Dual Antiplatelet Therapy (DAPT) - Commonly prescribed drugs
- ANSWER - Aspirin
Clopidogrel (Plavix)
Dipyridamole (Presenting)
Prasugrel (Efferent)
Ticagrelor (Brilliant)
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