What is utilitarianism? - Answer-Committed solely to the purpose of promoting "the greatest good for the greatest number."
What is consequentialist theory? What philosophical approaches fall under this theory? - Answer-concentrate on the consequences of moral choices; utilitarianism
What is d...
LEB 320F Unit 10 Exam Questions and
Answers
What is utilitarianism? - Answer-Committed solely to the purpose of promoting "the
greatest good for the greatest number."
What is consequentialist theory? What philosophical approaches fall under this theory?
- Answer-concentrate on the consequences of moral choices; utilitarianism
What is deontological reasoning? - Answer-Focuses on the act itself; is the act good?
Uses the golden rule: treat others as you would want to be treated. Everyone should be
held to the same standards of ethical behavior. Uses social norms.
What philosopher was behind deontology? - Answer-Kant
What are virtue ethics? - Answer-Concentrates more on the actor attempting to become
a virtuous person in all aspects, rather than on the resolution of specific ethical issues.
Each person should focus on developing and practicing important virtues such as
honesty, integrity, truthfulness, reliability
What are behavioral ethics? - Answer-Demonstrates that people tend to simultaneously
(a) think of themselves as good people, and (b) often act dishonestly due to cognitive
limitations, situational factors, and social and economic factors
What is the obedience to authority mindset? - Answer-"Just following orders." The
obedient subject does not see himself as not responsible for his own actions.
What is the acceptability heuristic? - Answer-people often judge whether their decision
is right not in terms of content or philosophical ethicality, but whether it will be
acceptable to their superiors
What is conformity bias or the theory of social proof? - Answer-we have a bias toward
conforming to the actions and standards that we perceive to be accepted by our peers
How does overoptimism lead to unethical decisions? - Answer-not consciously lying but
instead were expressing honestly-held, but irrationally optimistic views of their firms'
conditions
How does overconfidence lead to unethical decisions? - Answer-overconfidence can
translate into overconfidence in the ethical correctness of acts and judgments
What is self-serving bias? - Answer-tendency we have to gather information, process
information, and even remember information in such a manner as to advance our self-
interest and support our pre-existing views
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