Exam (elaborations)

NTR 419 Exam 1 Study Guide Questions and Answers 2024

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Course
NTR 419

Institution
NTR 419

Define "essential nutrients" - Correct Ans-Nutrients that are necessary for life but we cant make enough of them so we have to get them exogenously. What are all the macronutrients? - Correct Ans-1.)Water 2.)Protein 3.) Carbs 4.) Lipids 5.) Sterols Why is water important and what are some...

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ntr 419 exam 1
ntr 419
ntr 419 exam 1 study guide questions and answers
ntr 419 exam 1 study guide questions
ntr 419 exam 1 study guide

Institution NTR 419
Course NTR 419

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NTR 419 Exam 1 Study Guide Questions
and Answers 2024
Define "essential nutrients" - Correct Ans-Nutrients that are necessary for life but we
cant make enough of them so we have to get them exogenously.

What are all the macronutrients? - Correct Ans-1.)Water
2.)Protein
3.) Carbs
4.) Lipids
5.) Sterols

Why is water important and what are some ways you can lose water? - Correct Ans-
Important because you can suffer from dehydration
Acute loss: exercise, vomiting, diarrhea, dieresis
Chronic loss: inadequate intake, decrease thirst sensistivity

What is protein status and why is it important? - Correct Ans-The amount of protein in
the body and is important as a predictor of morbidity and mortality.

What is the golden standard amount of protein that should be in the body? - Correct
Ans-No golden standard but serum albumin levels are most often used as a marker for
protein status.

What can happen if someone has low serum albumin status? - Correct Ans-1.) primary
cause of morbidity and mortality because of low immune function
2.) secondary to something else; therefore is a marker

Define "conditionally essential" - Correct Ans-Non-essential that becomes essential due
to some condition

Define non-dietary amino acids . - Correct Ans-Produced during amino acid metabolism

What are some simple sugar monosaccharide carbohydrates? - Correct Ans-1.)
Glucose
2.)Fructose
3.) Galactose

What are some simple sugar disaccharide carbohydrates? - Correct Ans-1.) Lactose
2.) maltose
3.) Sucrose

Which carbohydrate is the most abundant monosaccharide? - Correct Ans-Glucose

, What are some functions of glucose? - Correct Ans-1.) primary fuel for the brain and
CNS
2.) becomes primary fuel during acute stress
(all of which affects protein status)

What can happen if someone has excess dietary glucose? - Correct Ans-1.) Converted
to glycogen: in the liver and sent to muscles for storage. Some stored in the liver
2.) Converted to fat: in the liver and goes to adipose tissue for storage.

What is the fate of fructose in the body? - Correct Ans-1.) can be metabolized by some
cells for energy
(must be converted to glucose or fat in the liver; concerns for high fructose corn syrup)

Where is galactose found and what is its fate in the body? - Correct Ans-Found almost
excusively in mammalian milk as part of lactose
1.) Converted to glucose
2.) Can be a part of glycoproteins on cell surface that have signaling functions

At rest, what is the primary energy source? - Correct Ans-Fatty acids

What is lactose made up of and where can it be found? - Correct Ans-Made up of a
glucose and galactose and can be found in mammalian milk only

What is Maltose made up of? - Correct Ans-Two glucose molecules

What is sucrose made up of? - Correct Ans-glucose and fructose

What is high fructose corn syrup made up of? - Correct Ans-45 glucose and 55 fructose

What makes oligosaccharides unique? - Correct Ans-All are indigestible by human
amylases

What are fructans? - Correct Ans-fructose molecules (examples inulin, raffinose sugars)

Where can raffinose sugars be found and why can they be hazardous? - Correct Ans-
Found in legumes and cruciferous veggies.
Produce gas as a by product of fermentation

What are polysaccharides? - Correct Ans-Complex carbohydrates

What are examples of polysaccharides? - Correct Ans-1.) Starches
2.) Fiber

What are some polysaccharide starches? - Correct Ans-1.) Amylose
2.) Amylopectin

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