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HSC 343 Exam 2 Questions And Answers
– Updated 2024
What does the autonomic nervous system do? - Answer✔✔--controls cardiac muscle, smooth
muscle and glandular secretion
-it is divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems
What does sympathetic system do? - Answer✔✔-"fight-or-flight," expends energy, increase HR,
dilates pupils and bronchi, decreases secretions
What does the parasympathetic systems do? - Answer✔✔-dominates at rest, conserves energy,
decreases HR, increases tract functions, constricts pupils
What are the neurons responsible for? - Answer✔✔-autonomic neurotransmission
Where do the presynaptic neurons lie? - Answer✔✔-brain-->ganglia
Where do the postsynaptic neurons lie? - Answer✔✔-ganglia--> effector organs
What are processes involved in neurotransmission? - Answer✔✔--synthesis of
neurotransmitters (NT)
-packaging of NTs in presynaptic terminals
-stimulation of presynaptic nerve/release of NT
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-diffusion of NT aacross synaptic cleft and binding to post-synaptic membrane
-activation of the postsynaptic cell
-degradation/ reuptake of the NT
What neurotransmitters are important to the process? - Answer✔✔-norepinephrine,
epinephrine, dopamine, acetylcholine, serotonin and GABA
What does the Alpha 1 receptor do? - Answer✔✔-vasconstriction, decrease secretions, pupil
dilation, decrease GI motility, urinary retention
What does the Alpha 2 receptor do? - Answer✔✔-decrease CNS sympathetic outflow, decrease
NE release, decrease insulin release
What does the Beta 1 receptor do? - Answer✔✔-^HR, CO, automaticity, contractility, ^renin
secretion
What does the Beta 2 receptor do? - Answer✔✔-bronchial relaxation, uterine relaxation,
vasodilation
What does the Dopamine receptor do? - Answer✔✔-increased HR and BP
What signs and symptoms does a patient with high sympathetic tone have? - Answer✔✔--high
HR, BP, blood glucose, alertness, air flow
-constipation, big pupil, fluid retention
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What signs and symptoms does a patient with high parasympathetic tone have? - Answer✔✔-
low HR, diarrhea, bowel sounds, drooling, respiratory compromise, pinpoint pupil, sweating,
runny nose
What are the actions of Epinephrine? - Answer✔✔-vasoconstriction, bronchodilation, ^HR,
^glucose, ^lipolysis, GI relaxation
What is Epinephrine used for? - Answer✔✔-cardiac stimulant, anaphylaxis, combined with local
anesthetics
What are the actions of Norepinephrine? - Answer✔✔-^vasoconstriction, will cause reflex,
decrease HR
What is Norepinephrine used for? - Answer✔✔-septic shock
What are the actions of Dopamine? - Answer✔✔-works at receptors, low doses maintain good
renal blood flow, higher doses ^BP, ^cardiac contractility
What is Dopamine used for? - Answer✔✔-shock
What are the actions of Dobutamine? - Answer✔✔-^efficiency of heart beat
B1: ^HR, contractility
What is Dobutamine used for? - Answer✔✔-a drug of choice for cardiac stimulation; emergency
drug
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