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Relias Assessments Assistance Material RN Pharmacology questions and answers rated A+ 2025/2026
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Relias Assessments AssistanceMaterial RN Pharmacology
Antacids - ANSAntacids are used to chemically react with and neutralize the acid within the
stomach. They can offer fast alleviation from increased acid ranges. They are recognised to
purpose GI changes including diarrhea or constipation and can adjust the absorption of
many pills.
Antacids: Generic and Brand Names - ANSHere is a list of the maximum commonly
encountered antacids and their logo names.
ClassificationGeneric nameBrand nameAntacidsaluminum saltsAlternaGELcalcium
saltsOystercal, TumsmagaldrateLosopan, Riopanmagnesium saltsMilk of Magnesia,
otherssodium bicarbonateBell-ans
What are antacids? - ANSAntacids are a group of inorganic chemicals that neutralize
stomach acid.
Antacids are to be had OTC, and plenty of patients use them to self-treat an expansion of GI
signs.
The preference of an antacid relies upon on detrimental outcomes and absorption elements.
Antacids Therapeutic movements - ANSThe desired moves of antacids include the
subsequent:
Neutralize stomach acid by way of direct chemical response.
Symptomatic comfort of an disappointed stomach related to hyperacidity, as well as the
hyperacidity related to peptic ulcer, gastritis, peptic esophagitis, gastric hyperacidity, and
hiatal hernia.
Antacids Contraindications and Cautions - ANSThe following are contraindications and
cautions whilst the use of antacids:
Allergy. The antacids are contraindicated inside the presence of any known hypersensitive
reaction to antacid products or any component of the drug to prevent hypersensitive reaction
reactions.
Co-morbidities. Caution must be used within the following instances: any situation that may
be exacerbated by means of electrolyte or acid-primarily based imbalance to prevent
exacerbations and severe negative consequences; any electrolyte imbalance , which may be
exacerbated with the aid of the electrolyte-converting effects of those drugs; GI obstruction
that may purpose systemic absorption of the medication and growth destructive effects;
renal dysfunction, that could cause electrolyte disturbance if any absorbed antacid is
neutralized nicely.
Pregnancy and lactation. Antacids are contraindicated for pregnant and lactating ladies due
to the potential for detrimental results on the fetus or neonate.
, Histamine-2 (H2) receptor antagonists - ANSHistamine-2 (H2) receptor antagonists block the
release of acid in reaction to gastrin or parasympathetic release.
Histamine-2 Antagonist: Generic and Brand Names - ANSHere is a table of the most
typically used H2 antagonists.
ClassificationGeneric nameBrand nameHistamine-2
antagonistscimetidineTagametranitidineZantacfamotidinePepcidnizatidineAxid
H2 blockers Therapeutic moves - ANSThe preferred movements of H2 antagonists
encompass the following:
Selectively block H2 receptors located on the parietal cells.
Prevents the discharge of gastrin, a hormone that causes neighborhood launch of histamine
(due to stimulation of histamine receptors), in the long run blockading the manufacturing of
hydrochloric acid.
Decreases pepsin manufacturing with the aid of the chief cells.
Proton Pump Inhibitors - ANSThe gastric acid pump or proton pump inhibitors suppress
gastric acid secretion by way of mainly inhibiting the hydrogen-potassium adenosine
triphosphate enzyme device at the secretory floor of the gastric parietal cells.
Proton Pump Inhibitors: Generic and Brand Names - ANSHere is a table of the most
generally encountered proton pump inhibitor:
ClassificationGeneric nameBrand nameProton pump
inhibitorsdexlansoprazoleKapidexesomeprazoleNexiumlansoprazolePrevacidomeprazolePril
osecpantoprazoleProtonixrabeprazoleAciphex
What are Proton Pump Inhibitors? - ANSProton pump inhibitors suppress the secretion of
hydrochloric acid into the lumen of the stomach.
PPI Nursing Assessment - ANSAssess for possible contraindications and cautions: records
of hypersensitivity to a proton pump inhibitor to reduce the threat of allergy response and
cutting-edge fame of being pregnant or lactation because of the capability for damaging
effects on the fetus or nursing infant.
Perform a physical exam to establish baseline information earlier than starting therapy to
determine the effectiveness of the remedy and to assess for the prevalence of any damaging
results associated with drug remedy.
Inspect the skin for lesions, rash, pruritus, and dryness to perceive feasible detrimental
results.
Assess neurological fame, along with stage of orientation, affect and reflexes to assess for
CNS consequences of the drug.
Inspect and palpate the stomach to determine potential underlying scientific situations; check
for adjustments in bowel elimination and GI dissatisfied to identify viable damaging
outcomes.
Assess respiratory reputation, together with respiratory charge and rhythm; word proof of
cough, hoarseness, and epistaxis, to screen for ability unfavorable outcomes of the
medicine.
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